Civic Intelligence

Texas Defender Service

990 • Fiscal year 2024 • EIN 76-0481649

Jan 01, 2024 to Dec 31, 2024 • Filed on Sep 25, 2025

Organization Profilewww.texasdefender.org

View Organization Page

PO Box 82236Austin, TX 78708

(512) 320-8300

Siviq Scores

Precomputed percentiles for this filing year versus similar nonprofits in the same peer cohort.

Liabilities / Assets

67th percentile

0.18x

Higher debt load relative to assets than 67% of similar nonprofits.

2024 filings • 501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Liabilities / Revenue

69th percentile

0.23x

Higher debt load relative to revenue than 69% of similar nonprofits.

2024 filings • 501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Net Margin

72nd percentile

19%

Higher net margin than 72% of similar nonprofits.

2024 filings • 501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Top Officer Pay

80th percentile

$141,504

Higher top officer pay than 80% of similar nonprofits.

Top officer pay equals 5.4% of source-year revenue.

2024 filings • 501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Asset Growth

85th percentile

31%

Faster asset growth than 85% of similar nonprofits.

2024 filings • 501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Revenue Growth

72nd percentile

27%

Faster revenue growth than 72% of similar nonprofits.

2024 filings • 501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Balance Sheet
Liabilities / Assets67th percentile

Assets

Up

$3,264,155

Up $778,817 (+31%) from 2023

Net Assets

Up

$2,660,772

Up $501,507 (+23%) from 2023

Liabilities

Up

$603,383

Up $277,310 (+85%) from 2023

Revenue And Expenses
Liabilities / Revenue69th percentileNet Margin72nd percentile

Revenue

Up

$2,638,801

Up $554,419 (+27%) from 2023

Expenses

Up

$2,137,294

Up $4,671 (+0.2%) from 2023

Net Income

Up

$501,507

Up $549,748 (+1140%) from 2023

Historical Trend

Balance Sheet Trend

Asset Growth85th percentile

The highlighted filing sits inside the broader history for assets, liabilities, and net assets.

$6.0M$4.0M$2.0M$0Assets 2010: $1,526,081Liabilities 2010: $67,458Net Assets 2010: $1,458,6232010Assets 2011: $1,532,254Liabilities 2011: $70,077Net Assets 2011: $1,462,1772011Assets 2012: $1,653,425Liabilities 2012: $57,400Net Assets 2012: $1,596,0252012Assets 2013: $3,537,872Liabilities 2013: $56,556Net Assets 2013: $3,481,3162013Assets 2014: $2,494,438Liabilities 2014: $58,749Net Assets 2014: $2,435,6892014Assets 2015: $4,143,322Liabilities 2015: $61,523Net Assets 2015: $4,081,7992015Assets 2016: $3,989,259Liabilities 2016: $494,049Net Assets 2016: $3,495,2102016Assets 2017: $3,612,072Liabilities 2017: $260,517Net Assets 2017: $3,351,5552017Assets 2018: $2,371,250Liabilities 2018: $240,311Net Assets 2018: $2,130,9392018Assets 2019: $2,668,596Liabilities 2019: $67,628Net Assets 2019: $2,600,9682019Assets 2020: $2,468,940Liabilities 2020: $507,647Net Assets 2020: $1,961,2932020Assets 2021: $2,095,530Liabilities 2021: $272,893Net Assets 2021: $1,822,6372021Assets 2022: $2,286,744Liabilities 2022: $79,238Net Assets 2022: $2,207,5062022Assets 2023: $2,485,338Liabilities 2023: $326,073Net Assets 2023: $2,159,2652023Assets 2024: $3,264,155Liabilities 2024: $603,383Net Assets 2024: $2,660,7722024

Highlighted filing

2024

Assets$3,264,155
Liabilities$603,383
Net Assets$2,660,772
Open 2024 Filing

Operations Trend

Revenue Growth72nd percentile

Revenue, expenses, and net income across loaded years, with this filing highlighted.

$6.0M$4.0M$2.0M$0-$2.0MExpenses 2010: $2,667,6392010Expenses 2011: $3,122,2562011Expenses 2012: $2,290,1402012Revenue 2013: $4,163,139Expenses 2013: $2,277,848Net Income 2013: $1,885,2912013Revenue 2014: $1,639,204Expenses 2014: $2,684,831Net Income 2014: -$1,045,6272014Revenue 2015: $4,333,119Expenses 2015: $2,687,013Net Income 2015: $1,646,1062015Revenue 2016: $1,972,526Expenses 2016: $2,109,115Net Income 2016: -$136,5892016Revenue 2017: $1,877,565Expenses 2017: $2,021,220Net Income 2017: -$143,6552017Revenue 2018: $1,010,423Expenses 2018: $2,247,524Net Income 2018: -$1,237,1012018Revenue 2019: $1,960,510Expenses 2019: $1,766,393Net Income 2019: $194,1172019Revenue 2020: $934,125Expenses 2020: $1,573,800Net Income 2020: -$639,6752020Revenue 2021: $1,499,267Expenses 2021: $1,637,923Net Income 2021: -$138,6562021Revenue 2022: $2,298,075Expenses 2022: $1,913,206Net Income 2022: $384,8692022Revenue 2023: $2,084,382Expenses 2023: $2,132,623Net Income 2023: -$48,2412023Revenue 2024: $2,638,801Expenses 2024: $2,137,294Net Income 2024: $501,5072024

Highlighted filing

2024

Revenue$2,638,801
Expenses$2,137,294
Net Income$501,507
Open 2024 Filing
Jump To
Filing Snapshot
Filing Period
Jan 1, 2024 to Dec 31, 2024
Signed
Sep 25, 2025
Return Version
2024v5.2
Gross Receipts
$2,688,590
Mission and Program Overview

Mission

Texas Defender Services mission is to promote a fair and just criminal justice system in Texas.

Texas Defender Service (TDS) leads the fight to end excessive punishment in Texas.

Balance Sheet Detail
LineBeginningEndChange
Assets
Savings and Temporary Cash Investments$1,142,156$1,505,543▲ $363,387
Accounts Receivable$689,815$879,173▲ $189,358
Cash and Non-Interest-Bearing Accounts$376,826$646,826▲ $270,000
Land, Buildings, and Equipment, Net$6,607$10,311▲ $3,704
Prepaid Expenses and Deferred Charges$3,117$3,500▲ $383
Total Assets$2,485,338$3,264,155▲ $778,817
Other Assets Total$266,817$218,802▼ $48,015
Liabilities
Escrow Account Liability$37,845$348,795▲ $310,950
Other Liabilities$268,614$221,591▼ $47,023
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses$19,614$32,997▲ $13,383
Total Liabilities$326,073$603,383▲ $277,310
Net Assets / Fund Balance
Net Assets Without Donor Restrictions$2,030,515$2,587,644▲ $557,129
Net Assets With Donor Restrictions$128,750$73,128▼ $55,622
Total Net Assets Fund Balance$2,159,265$2,660,772▲ $501,507
Total Liabilities and Net Assets / Fund Balance$2,485,338$3,264,155▲ $778,817

Asset Categories

AssetBook ValueDepreciationBasis
Equipment$10,311$27,494$37,805
Other Assets Org$208,479--
Compensation and Service Providers
Top Officer Pay80th percentile

Employees

NameTitleFull / Part TimeBaseOtherTotal
Burke ButlerExecutive DirectorFT$120,167$21,337$141,504
Randi ChavezDeputy DirectorFT$104,127$31,985$136,112
Emily FollansbeeLegal DirectorFT$109,101$20,233$129,334
Estelle Hebron-JonesDirector of Special Projects-$103,600$16,688$120,288

Board Members and Trustees

NameTitle
Murray FoglerBoard Chair
Alex KaplanBoard Member
Alison LelandBoard Member
Charles KellyBoard Member
Chris KemmittBoard Member
Jennifer LaurinBoard Member
Jess BrandBoard Member
Jim MarcusBoard Member
Kosha TuckerBoard Member
Laura FerryBoard Member
Mani WaliaBoard Member
Manuel BerrelezBoard Member
Samy KhalilBoard Member
Tiffany RobertsSecretary
Toby M GallowayTreasurer
Revenue and Support

Revenue Composition

Contributions and Grants
$1,302,517
Program Service Revenue
$1,315,734
Investment Income
$35,608
Other Revenue
$-15,058
All Other Contributions
$1,130,950
Change in Net Assets
$501,507

Audited Revenue Reconciliation

Revenue per Audited Statements
$2,638,801
Revenue Not Reported on Financial Statements
$0
Revenue Not Reported on Form 990
$0
Total Revenue per Audited Statements
$2,638,801
Total Revenue per Form 990
$2,638,801
Expenses and Functional Allocation

Major Expense Lines

Line ItemAmount
Salaries, Compensation, and Employee Benefits$1,597,690
Other Expenses$539,604
Total Fundraising Expense$105,321
Grants and Similar Amounts Paid$0
Professional Fundraising Fees$0

Functional Expense Allocation

Line ItemProgramManagementFundraisingTotal
Other Salaries and Wages$1,087,725$73,029$1,068$1,161,822
Other Employee Benefits$152,754$8,732-$161,486
Current Officers, Directors, Trustees, and Key Employees$36,156$36,156$69,192$141,504
Travel$110,039$10,148$6,021$126,208
Occupancy$101,249$9,334$5,538$116,121
Payroll Taxes$87,720$8,089$4,800$100,609
Office Expenses$71,207$7,743$10,619$89,569
Fees for Services Other$70,457$6,498$3,855$80,810
Fees for Services Accounting-$62,409-$62,409
Information Technology$38,682$3,567$2,116$44,365
Pension Plan Contributions$28,669$2,448$1,152$32,269
Insurance$15,264$1,408$835$17,507
Depreciation Depletion$1,936$178$106$2,220
Conferences and Meetings$344$32$19$395
Total Functional Expenses$1,802,202$229,771$105,321$2,137,294

Audited Expense Reconciliation

Line ItemAmount
Expenses per Audited Statements$2,137,294
Total Expenses per Audited Statements$2,137,294
Total Expenses per Form 990$2,137,294
Expenses Not Reported on Financial Statements$0
Expenses Not Reported on Form 990$0
Fundraising, Events, and Gaming
Fundraising activities
Yes
Gaming activities
No
Professional fundraiser used
No

Fundraising and Gaming Totals

Line ItemAmount
Fundraising Direct Expenses$49,789
Fundraising Gross Income$34,731
Professional Fundraising Fees$0

Fundraising Events

EventGross ReceiptsGross RevenueDirect ExpensesNet Income
Light of Justice$206,298$34,731$10,797$23,934
Total Events$206,298$34,731$49,789$-15,058
Political and Lobbying Activity
Political campaign activity
No
Lobbying activity
Yes
Subject to proxy tax
No
Debt and Bond Financing

Other Reported Liabilities

LiabilityAmount
Operating lease liability$221,591
Governance and Compliance

Governance Checklist

Compiled or reviewed by an accountant
No
Annual disclosure for covered persons
Yes
Audit committee
Yes
Backup withholding compliance
Yes
Business relationship with 35% controlled entity
No
Business relationship with family members
No
Business relationship with organization members
No
Material changes to governing documents
No
Compensation from other sources disclosed
No
CEO compensation reviewed
Yes
Other officer compensation reviewed
No
Conflict-of-interest policy
Yes
Audited financial statements prepared
No
Key decisions subject to board approval
No
Management duties delegated
No

Governance Explanations

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 11B

“The Executive Director reviews the 990 after outside accountants prepare it, then sends it to the board of directors for comment before filing it with the IRS.”

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 12C

“The officers and directors of TDS are required to report any conflicts of interest throughout the year. The governing body discusses any conflicts reported and decides how to handle them.”

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 15A

“The board of directors determines the Executive Director's compensation. The board uses salary surveys of other similarly sized non-profits to compare compensation.”

Form 990, Part VI, Section C, line 19

“All governing documents, conflict of interest policy and financial statements are available upon request.”

Filing and Contact Details

Filer

Filer Name
Texas Defender Service
EIN
76-0481649
Phone
5123208300
Address
PO Box 82236, Austin, TX 78708

Signing Officer

Name
Burke Butler
Title
Executive Director
Phone
5123208300
Signed
2025-09-25
Discuss with paid preparer
Yes

Organization Details

Principal Officer
Burke Butler
Formed
1995
Legal Domicile
TX
Voting Board Members
15
Independent Board Members
15
Employees
19
Volunteers
4

Preparer

Firm
Blazek & Vetterling
Address
2900 Weslayan Suite 200, Houston, TX 77027
Preparer
Barbara Murphy
Phone
7134395739
Supplemental Narrative

Financial Statement Notes

Part IV, Line 2B:

“TDS holds funds in its cash accounts for the Capital Litigation Communications Project. TDS has limited control over these funds and the receipts and disbursements are not reported as revenue and expenses of TDS.”

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IRS990/Desc0TDS accomplishes its mission through three programs: direct representation, policy reform, and public education. In the direct representation program, TDS represents people imprisoned in Texas because of extreme punishments, from the death penalty to life sentences for third-degree felonies, and advocates for people seeking a second chance through the parole system. TDS fights for our client's right to a second chance, focusing on cases that highlight how excessive punishments fuel mass incarceration, perpetrate injustice, and fail to serve public safety. Through the policy reform program, TDS advocates for local and state-wide reforms that will end excessive punishment and shrink mass incarceration in the Lone Star State. See Schedule O for continued detailsTDS' public education program uses storytelling about our clients' experiences to educate the public about how excessive sentences are cruel, extreme, and unnecessary. We make visible the damage that mass incarceration wreaks, so often hidden from the public eye. Shifting the narrative about those impacted by mass incarceration, we teach Texans about the vital importance of compassion and second chances.
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IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm6Alex Kaplan
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm7Charles Kelly
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IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm9Samy Khalil
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IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm13Kosha Tucker
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm14Mani Walia
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm15Burke Butler
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IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt0Board Chair
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt1Secretary
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt2Treasurer
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt3Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt4Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt5Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt6Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt7Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt8Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt9Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt10Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt11Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt12Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt13Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt14Board Member
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt15Executive Director
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt16Deputy Director
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt17Legal Director
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/TitleTxt18Director of Special Projects
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IRS990/InsuranceGrp/ManagementAndGeneralAmt01408
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IRS990/MinutesOfCommitteesInd01
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IRS990/MissionDesc0See Schedule OTDS fights for the end of mass incarceration and excessive punishment in Texas through direct representation, policy reform, and public education. TDS stands up for the dignity and humanity of people harmed by mass incarceration and advocates for a reimagined criminal-legal system that is just, humane, and free from racism and cruelty.
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IRS990/PrincipalOfficerNm0Burke Butler
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Filings

Displayed year

2024 • Form 990Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.

Open filing
Assets
$3,264,155
Liabilities
$603,383
Net assets
$2,660,772
Revenue
$2,638,801
Expenses
$2,137,294
Net income
$501,507
Balance SheetOperations
YearAssetsLiabilitiesNet AssetsRevenueExpensesNet Income
2024Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$3.26$0.60$2.66$2.64$2.14$0.50
2023Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.49$0.33$2.16$2.08$2.13$0.05
2022Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.29$0.08$2.21$2.30$1.91$0.38
2021Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.10$0.27$1.82$1.50$1.64$0.14
2020Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.47$0.51$1.96$0.93$1.57$0.64
2019Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.67$0.07$2.60$1.96$1.77$0.19
2018Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.37$0.24$2.13$1.01$2.25$1.24
2017Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$3.61$0.26$3.35$1.88$2.02$0.14
2016Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$3.99$0.49$3.50$1.97$2.11$0.14
2015Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$4.14$0.06$4.08$4.33$2.69$1.65
2014Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.49$0.06$2.44$1.64$2.68$1.05
2013Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$3.54$0.06$3.48$4.16$2.28$1.89
2012Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$1.65$0.06$1.60$2.29
2011Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$1.53$0.07$1.46$3.12
2010Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$1.53$0.07$1.46$2.67