Civic Intelligence

The Earth Species Project

EIN 82-5167508 • 501(c)3 • West Hollywood, CA

Profile

Earth species is a non-profit experimental artificial intelligence research lab dedicated to decoding non-human language. We invest in a variety of experiments with the aim of moving the field forward and solving fundamental challenges to better understand the species on earth.in a moment of need, we are extending the power of ai translation past human language. Its an apollo-like mission to unite the imagination of humanityand ignite our collective action.based in berkeley, california, we are (1) building an open-source toolkit for translating languages without dictionaries or rosetta stones, extending recent research from fields like unsupervised machine translation; and (2) creating an open-source platform of data for research, collaboration, and public wonder.with another speciess language as our path to changing human identity, we are working with the world's pre-eminent technologists, animal researchers, scientists, and movement builders to inspire our species. Collaborating with

8605 Santa Monica Blvd 78666West Hollywood, CA 90069

www.earthspecies.org

Siviq Scores

Precomputed percentiles relative to similar nonprofits. These scores are descriptive rather than judgmental.

Liabilities / Assets

24th percentile

0.03x

Higher debt load relative to assets than 24% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $10M-$25M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Liabilities / Revenue

15th percentile

0.02x

Higher debt load relative to revenue than 15% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $10M-$25M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Net Margin

95th percentile

77%

Higher net margin than 95% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $10M-$25M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Top Officer Pay

59th percentile

$213,444

Higher top officer pay than 59% of similar nonprofits.

Top officer pay equals 1.0% of source-year revenue.

501(c)3 • $10M-$25M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Asset Growth

99th percentile

653%

Faster asset growth than 99% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $10M-$25M nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Revenue Growth

98th percentile

493%

Faster revenue growth than 98% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $10M-$25M nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Balance Sheet
Liabilities / Assets24th percentile

Assets

Up

$18,409,885

Up $15,963,791 (+653%) from 2023

Liabilities

Up

$504,292

Up $7,701 (+1.6%) from 2023

Net Assets

Up

$17,905,593

Up $15,956,090 (+818%) from 2023

Operations
Liabilities / Revenue15th percentileNet Margin95th percentile

Revenue

Up

$20,793,212

Up $17,288,629 (+493%) from 2023

Expenses

Up

$4,837,122

Up $1,824,784 (+61%) from 2023

Net Income

Up

$15,956,090

Up $15,463,845 (+3141%) from 2023

Trend Graphs

Balance Sheet Trend

Asset Growth99th percentile

Grouped bars show assets, liabilities, and net assets across loaded filings.

$20M$15M$10M$5.0M$0Assets 2019: $121,365Liabilities 2019: $757Net Assets 2019: $120,6082019Assets 2020: $160,144Liabilities 2020: $7,145Net Assets 2020: $152,9992020Assets 2021: $653,640Liabilities 2021: $44,697Net Assets 2021: $608,9432021Assets 2022: $1,640,646Liabilities 2022: $183,388Net Assets 2022: $1,457,2582022Assets 2023: $2,446,094Liabilities 2023: $496,591Net Assets 2023: $1,949,5032023Assets 2024: $18,409,885Liabilities 2024: $504,292Net Assets 2024: $17,905,5932024

Highlighted filing

2024

Assets$18,409,885
Liabilities$504,292
Net Assets$17,905,593
Open 2024 Filing

Operations Trend

Revenue Growth98th percentile

Revenue, expenses, and net income by year, with the latest filing highlighted.

$30M$20M$10M$0Revenue 2019: $350,000Expenses 2019: $340,381Net Income 2019: $9,6192019Revenue 2020: $613,595Expenses 2020: $581,204Net Income 2020: $32,3912020Revenue 2021: $1,595,562Expenses 2021: $1,139,618Net Income 2021: $455,9442021Revenue 2022: $2,986,377Expenses 2022: $2,138,062Net Income 2022: $848,3152022Revenue 2023: $3,504,583Expenses 2023: $3,012,338Net Income 2023: $492,2452023Revenue 2024: $20,793,212Expenses 2024: $4,837,122Net Income 2024: $15,956,0902024

Highlighted filing

2024

Revenue$20,793,212
Expenses$4,837,122
Net Income$15,956,090
Open 2024 Filing

Filings

Most recent year

2024 • Form 990Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.

Open filing
Assets
$18,409,885
Liabilities
$504,292
Net assets
$17,905,593
Revenue
$20,793,212
Expenses
$4,837,122
Net income
$15,956,090
Balance SheetOperations
YearAssetsLiabilitiesNet AssetsRevenueExpensesNet Income
2024Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$18.4$0.50$17.9$20.8$4.84$16.0
2023XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$2.45$0.50$1.95$3.50$3.01$0.49
2022XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$1.64$0.18$1.46$2.99$2.14$0.85
2021Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$0.65$0.04$0.61$1.60$1.14$0.46
2020XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$0.16$0.01$0.15$0.61$0.58$0.03
2019XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$0.12$0.00$0.12$0.35$0.34$0.01
Latest Filing Detail
Jump To
Filing Snapshot
Filing Period
Jan 1, 2024 to Dec 31, 2024
Signed
Nov 17, 2025
Return Version
2024v5.2
Gross Receipts
$20,793,212
Mission and Program Overview

Mission

The Earth Species Project (ESP) is a non-profit organization focused on using artificial intelligence (AI) to advance our understanding of animal communication, and ultimately to decode non-human languages. We believe AI has the potential to transform the way we perceive the world around us, expanding the ability of human beings to learn from other species.

The Earth Species Project (ESP)is the new frontier of interspecies understanding. We decode animal communication with advanced AI to illuminate the diverse intelligences on earth.Founded in 2018, Earth Species Project brings together the best of tech, nonprofit, and academia to shift the way humans relate to the rest of nature.We develop the worlds first and most capable large language models like AVES and NatureLM-audio for studying animal communication. Built on AI breakthroughs in human language and reasoning, our multimodal foundation models capture the complexity of the natural world and illuminate the languages hidden across the tree of life. To accelerate progress across the scientific community, we open source as much of our work as possible sharing datasets, benchmarks, and models to advance the study of animal communication. In collaboration with leading biologists around the world, were also using our models to study the vocal repertoire of crows, beluga whales, elephants, a

Balance Sheet Detail
LineBeginningEndChange
Assets
Savings and Temporary Cash Investments-$8,137,768-
Cash and Non-Interest-Bearing Accounts$2,365,094$6,192,842▲ $3,827,748
Pledges and Grants Receivable$81,000$4,079,275▲ $3,998,275
Accounts Receivable-$0-
Other Notes and Loans Receivable, Net-$0-
Receivable From Disqualified Prsn-$0-
Receivables From Officers Etc-$0-
Investments Other Securities-$0-
Investments Program Related-$0-
Investments in Publicly Traded Securities-$0-
Land, Buildings, and Equipment, Net-$0-
Intangible Assets-$0-
Inventories for Sale or Use-$0-
Prepaid Expenses and Deferred Charges-$0-
Total Assets$2,446,094$18,409,885▲ $15,963,791
Other Assets Total-$0-
Liabilities
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses$41,863$265,177▲ $223,314
Deferred Revenue$454,728$239,115▼ $215,613
Total Liabilities$496,591$504,292▲ $7,701
Net Assets / Fund Balance
Net Assets Without Donor Restrictions$1,899,977$13,715,217▲ $11,815,240
Net Assets With Donor Restrictions$49,526$4,190,376▲ $4,140,850
Total Net Assets Fund Balance$1,949,503$17,905,593▲ $15,956,090
Total Liabilities and Net Assets / Fund Balance$2,446,094$18,409,885▲ $15,963,791
Compensation and Service Providers
Top Officer Pay59th percentile

Employees

NameTitleFull / Part TimeBaseOtherTotal
Andrea AustinHead of OperationsFT$180,000$33,444$213,444
Katherine ZacarianCEOFT$180,000$11,655$191,655
Benjamin HoffmanSenior AI ResearchFT$155,000$11,655$155,000
Jen-Yu LiuSenior AI ResearchFT$155,000$18,884$155,000
Madeline CusimanoSenior AI ResearchFT$155,000$24,979$155,000
Masato HagiwaraSenior AI ResearchFT$155,000$25,493$155,000
Sara KeenSenior Research ScFT$155,000$34,004$155,000
Aza RaskinPresidentPT$144,000$4,320$148,320

Board Members and Trustees

NameTitle
Brewster KahleDirector
Kay ButterfieldDirector
Merlin Van LawickDirector
Sean WhiteDirector
Wendy HanamuraDirector
Michael SelvitelleSenior Advisor
Revenue and Support

Revenue Composition

Contributions and Grants
$20,597,542
Program Service Revenue
$0
Investment Income
$164,754
Other Revenue
$30,916
All Other Contributions
$20,597,542
Change in Net Assets
$15,956,090

Audited Revenue Reconciliation

Revenue per Audited Statements
$20,793,212
Total Revenue per Audited Statements
$20,793,212
Total Revenue per Form 990
$20,793,212
Expenses and Functional Allocation

Major Expense Lines

Line ItemAmount
Other Expenses$2,486,497
Salaries, Compensation, and Employee Benefits$2,350,625
Total Fundraising Expense$546,710
Grants and Similar Amounts Paid$0
Professional Fundraising Fees$0

Functional Expense Allocation

Line ItemProgramManagementFundraisingTotal
Other Salaries and Wages$1,025,297$103,019$246,914$1,375,230
Current Officers, Directors, Trustees, and Key Employees$412,599$41,457$99,364$553,420
Other Expenses$245,235$37$15,257$260,529
Other Employee Benefits$170,393$17,121$41,034$228,548
Payroll Taxes$108,089$10,861$26,030$144,980
All Other Expenses$39,298$34,368$2,864$76,530
Pension Plan Contributions$36,120$3,629$8,698$48,447
Total Functional Expenses$3,829,285$461,127$546,710$4,837,122

Audited Expense Reconciliation

Line ItemAmount
Expenses per Audited Statements$4,837,122
Total Expenses per Audited Statements$4,837,122
Total Expenses per Form 990$4,837,122
International Activity

International Summary

Employees
6
Spending
$585,675

International Compliance

Activity in boycott countries
No
Foreign corporation ownership
No
Foreign partnership interest
No
Interest in foreign trust
No
Passive foreign investment company interest
No
Transfers to foreign corporations
No

International Activities

RegionActivityServicesOfficesEmployeesSpending
EuropeProgram Services & FundraisingResearch Projects06$585,675
Fundraising, Events, and Gaming
Fundraising activities
No
Gaming activities
No
Professional fundraiser used
No

Fundraising and Gaming Totals

Line ItemAmount
Professional Fundraising Fees$0
Political and Lobbying Activity
Political campaign activity
No
Lobbying activity
No
Subject to proxy tax
No
Insider Transactions and Loans

Loans and Receivables

Line ItemBeginningEndChange
Receivables from Disqualified Persons-$0-
Receivables from Officers, Directors, Trustees, and Key Employees-$0-
Governance and Compliance

Governance Checklist

Compiled or reviewed by an accountant
No
Annual disclosure for covered persons
Yes
Audit committee
Yes
Backup withholding compliance
Yes
Business relationship with 35% controlled entity
No
Business relationship with family members
No
Business relationship with organization members
No
Material changes to governing documents
No
Compensation from other sources disclosed
No
CEO compensation reviewed
Yes
Other officer compensation reviewed
Yes
Conflict-of-interest policy
Yes
Audited financial statements prepared
No
Key decisions subject to board approval
No
Management duties delegated
No

Governance Explanations

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 11B

“Form 990 is provided to each board member before it is filed with the irs.”

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 12C

“Members of the board are required to disclose any possible conflicts of interest annually. Board members are advised to inform the board of any possible conflicts as soon as practical.”

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 15A

“Compensation is reviewed and approved by the board.”

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 15B

“Compensation is reviewed and approved by the board.”

Form 990, Part VI, Section C, Line 19

“Governing documents, conflict of interest policy, and financial statements are available to the public upon request.”

Filing and Contact Details

Filer

Filer Name
The Earth Species Project
EIN
82-5167508
Phone
7074398688
Address
8605 SANTA MONICA BLVD 78666, WEST HOLLYWOOD, CA 90069

Signing Officer

Name
Aza Raskin
Title
Interim CEO
Signed
2025-11-17
Discuss with paid preparer
Yes

Organization Details

Principal Officer
Aza Raskin
Formed
2018
Legal Domicile
CA
Voting Board Members
8
Independent Board Members
6
Employees
14
Volunteers
5

Preparer

Firm
Bregante Company Llp Cpas
Address
50 CALIFORNIA STREET SUITE 1500, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111
Preparer
Jennifer L Ruth
Phone
4157771001
Supplemental Narrative

Financial Statement Notes

Part X : FIN48 Footnote

“Esp is exempt from federal and california income taxes under the provisions of section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code and section 23701d of the california revenue and taxation code. Therefore, no provision for federal or california income tax is reflected in the financial statements.esp's returns are subject to examination by federal and state tax authorities, generally for three and four years, respectively, after they are filed. Esp recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not to be sustained. Esp does not believe its financial statements include any uncertain tax positions.”

Raw XML AppendixShowing 400 of 555 raw XML fields

This appendix keeps the raw XML leaves available for debugging and edge-case review. The human report above is the primary experience.

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IRS990/Desc0Organizational Growth and Development: Strategy Development and Theory of Change: In 2024, we developed a new organizational strategy that will guide ESP into the future by allowing us to advance not just the science of animal communication, but the broader change we hope to see in the world. The new strategy relies on three pillars to achieve impact: Research to Decode, Building The Field, and Preparing Society for Impact. Scaling our team: In 2024, we added six new full time employees bringing our total team to 23 across communications, research, and impact. Notably we brought on key leadership roles including Olivier Pietquin, our Chief Scientist and head of research, and Brittany Solano, our Director of Communications. Growing our board: Over the course of 2024, we worked actively working to grow our Board of Directors to better support our mission. This has led to us welcoming two visionary leaders to our Board of Directors in 2025: Christiana Figueres, former UN climate chief who led the Paris Agreement, and Thomas Zurbuchen, former head of NASAs Science Mission Directorate. Their expertise and global perspectives strengthen ESPs ability to bridge frontier science, policy, and planetary stewardship.Research To DecodeESP is unique in building frontier AI models that can analyze data across taxa, helping to decode communication in species as diverse as birds and primates, cetaceans and insects. In 2024, we:Released NatureLM-audio, the first large audio-language model designed specifically for animal sounds. By unifying diverse bioacoustic tasks within a single, generalizable model, NatureLM-audio represents a major leap forward for AI-powered animal communication research. The paper was accepted to ICLR 2025, a prestigious AI research conference.Equipped the field with several new tools and benchmarks (e.g. BirdAVES, Biodenoising, and BEBE) designed to support the scientific community and demonstrate key capabilities in multimodal decoding.Progressed a range of decode projects with partners to discover the language of carrion crows, jumping spiders, and zebra finches, among others. Papers on these projects will be released in 2025.You can read more about our decode projects in our 2024 annual report: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1F1W3wmgaVfL6hl_bvNO5JTK4PG_XsEK3/view Moving forward, we will be working on orca communication with partners in a project to pioneer new methods of data collection and annotation that can help to pair movement with vocalizations and unlock semantic meaning of killer whale vocalization. Building the Field By establishing standards, creating a shared understanding, sharing our science, and promoting responsible practices, were creating the conditions for a global community to come together and build the foundations of this emerging field.Expanding Access to AI Tools and BenchmarksESP's open-source tools and benchmarks (on GitHub and HuggingFace) drove impact across the research community. For example, Our Bio-logger benchmark, BEBE, helped Oregon State University researchers study cougar behavior in Yellowstone to improve predation modeling. Cornell postdoc Wendy Erb used ESP's Voxaboxen to detect vocal stress in Bornean orangutans affected by wildfire smoke. Researchers from multiple institutions, including Raincoast Conservation Foundation, cited our AVES audio encoder model in a paper exploring ML techniques for beluga whale call classification.Building the Research Community We're fostering a growing community at the intersection of AI and animal communication. Our Discord community connects bioacousticians, ML researchers, and conservationists and has expanded significantly. ESP also co-organized the Virtual Interaction and Human-Animal Robot Communication (VIHAR) workshop with Professor Roger Moore at INTERSPEECH and participated in the Animals in Translation workshop (led by Interspecies Internet, co-hosted by Santa Fe Institute), which established criteria for successful animal communicat
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IRS990ScheduleD/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt0ESP IS EXEMPT FROM FEDERAL AND CALIFORNIA INCOME TAXES UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 501(C)(3) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE AND SECTION 23701D OF THE CALIFORNIA REVENUE AND TAXATION CODE. THEREFORE, NO PROVISION FOR FEDERAL OR CALIFORNIA INCOME TAX IS REFLECTED IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.ESP'S RETURNS ARE SUBJECT TO EXAMINATION BY FEDERAL AND STATE TAX AUTHORITIES, GENERALLY FOR THREE AND FOUR YEARS, RESPECTIVELY, AFTER THEY ARE FILED. ESP RECOGNIZES THE EFFECT OF INCOME TAX POSITIONS ONLY IF THOSE POSITIONS ARE MORE LIKELY THAN NOT TO BE SUSTAINED. ESP DOES NOT BELIEVE ITS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INCLUDE ANY UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS.
IRS990ScheduleD/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc0Part X : FIN48 Footnote
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