Civic Intelligence

Great Denver Area Sports Association

EIN 82-4428953 • 501(c)3 • Denver, CO

Pub. 78 Eligible990-N Coverage

Profile

The organization provided two softball leagues sessions for over 250 players; 3 pickleball seasons; summer golf with a tournament; 2 tennis seasons

925 N Lincoln St 4HDenver, CO 80803

www.greaterdenverasa.org

Siviq Scores

Precomputed percentiles relative to similar nonprofits. These scores are descriptive rather than judgmental.

Liabilities / Assets

60th percentile

0.00x

Tied with the lowest-debt nonprofits in its peer group.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Source year 2025

Liabilities / Revenue

62nd percentile

0.00x

Tied with the lowest-debt nonprofits in its peer group.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Source year 2025

Net Margin

38th percentile

-3.9%

Higher net margin than 38% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Source year 2025

Top Officer Pay

81st percentile

$0

Higher top officer pay than 81% of similar nonprofits.

Top officer pay equals 0.0% of source-year revenue.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Source year 2025

Asset Growth

11th percentile

-96%

Faster asset growth than 11% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Annualized from 2024 to 2025

Revenue Growth

58th percentile

3.9%

Faster revenue growth than 58% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Annualized from 2024 to 2025

Balance Sheet
Liabilities / Assets60th percentile

Assets

Down

$1,756

Down $38,556 (-96%) from 2024

Liabilities

Flat

$0

Flat from 2024

Net Assets

Down

$1,756

Down $38,556 (-96%) from 2024

Operations
Liabilities / Revenue62nd percentileNet Margin38th percentile

Revenue

Up

$47,400

Up $1,783 (+3.9%) from 2024

Expenses

Up

$49,241

Up $20,354 (+70%) from 2024

Net Income

Down

-$1,841

Down $18,571 (-111%) from 2024

Trend Graphs

Balance Sheet Trend

Asset Growth11th percentile

Grouped bars show assets, liabilities, and net assets across loaded filings.

$60K$40K$20K$0Assets 2018: $10,944Liabilities 2018: $0Net Assets 2018: $10,9442018Assets 2021: $13,613Liabilities 2021: $0Net Assets 2021: $13,6132021Assets 2022: $11,879Liabilities 2022: $0Net Assets 2022: $11,8792022Assets 2023: $23,582Liabilities 2023: $0Net Assets 2023: $23,5822023Assets 2024: $40,312Liabilities 2024: $0Net Assets 2024: $40,3122024Assets 2025: $1,756Liabilities 2025: $0Net Assets 2025: $1,7562025

Highlighted filing

2025

Assets$1,756
Liabilities$0
Net Assets$1,756
Open 2025 Filing

Operations Trend

Revenue Growth58th percentile

Revenue, expenses, and net income by year, with the latest filing highlighted.

$80K$60K$40K$20K$0-$20KRevenue 2018: $39,258Expenses 2018: $28,314Net Income 2018: $10,9442018Revenue 2021: $54,942Expenses 2021: $44,261Net Income 2021: $10,6812021Revenue 2022: $62,828Expenses 2022: $64,562Net Income 2022: -$1,7342022Revenue 2023: $55,270Expenses 2023: $43,567Net Income 2023: $11,7032023Revenue 2024: $45,617Expenses 2024: $28,887Net Income 2024: $16,7302024Revenue 2025: $47,400Expenses 2025: $49,241Net Income 2025: -$1,8412025

Highlighted filing

2025

Revenue$47,400
Expenses$49,241
Net Income-$1,841
Open 2025 Filing

Filings

Most recent year

2025 • Form 990EZDetailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.

Open filing
Assets
$1,756
Liabilities
$0
Net assets
$1,756
Revenue
$47,400
Expenses
$49,241
Net income
-$1,841
Balance SheetOperations
YearAssetsLiabilitiesNet AssetsRevenueExpensesNet Income
2025Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$1.76$0.00$1.76$47.4$49.2$1.84
2024Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$40.3$0.00$40.3$45.6$28.9$16.7
2023Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$23.6$0.00$23.6$55.3$43.6$11.7
2022Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$11.9$0.00$11.9$62.8$64.6$1.73
2021Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$13.6$0.00$13.6$54.9$44.3$10.7
2018Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$10.9$0.00$10.9$39.3$28.3$10.9
Latest Filing Detail
Jump To
Filing Snapshot
Filing Period
Jan 1, 2025 to Dec 31, 2025
Signed
Feb 17, 2026
Return Version
2025v4.0
Gross Receipts
$47,400
Mission and Program Overview

Mission

The organization provided two softball leagues sessions for over 250 players; 3 pickleball seasons; summer golf with a tournament; 2 tennis seasons

Program Services

DescriptionGrantsExpenses
Provided softball, golf, pickleball, and tennis leagues for the LGBTQ+ community; to include over 250 players for softball leagues in two different sessions, a fourth season for our golf league$0$0
Compensation and Service Providers
Top Officer Pay81st percentile

Employees

NameTitleFull / Part TimeBaseOtherTotal
Patrick BattenCommissionerPT$0--
Robert HooserTreasurerPT$0--
Kathryn PadderudSecretaryPT$0--
Christopher WrightMembership DirectorPT$0--
Keenan KanaeholoCommunications Director-$0--
Tony RushAthletic DirectorPT$0--
Zach FordDei ChairPT$0--
Filing and Contact Details

Filer

Filer Name
Great Denver Area Sports Association
EIN
82-4428953
Phone
7204132547
Address
925 N Lincoln St 4H, Denver, CO 80803

Signing Officer

Name
Robert Hooser
Title
Treasurer
Phone
3032105166
Signed
2026-02-17
Raw XML Appendix209 raw XML fields

This appendix keeps the raw XML leaves available for debugging and edge-case review. The human report above is the primary experience.

Path#Value
IRS990EZ/ActivitiesNotPreviouslyRptInd00
IRS990EZ/BenefitsPaidToOrForMembersAmt049241
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/PersonNm0Robert Hooser
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/PhoneNum07204132547
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/USAddress/AddressLine1Txt0925 N Lincoln St 4H
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/USAddress/CityNm0Denver
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCd0CO
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/USAddress/ZIPCd080803
IRS990EZ/CashSavingsAndInvestmentsGrp/BOYAmt03597
IRS990EZ/CashSavingsAndInvestmentsGrp/EOYAmt01756
IRS990EZ/ChgMadeToOrgnzngDocNotRptInd00
IRS990EZ/ContributionsGiftsGrantsEtcAmt01878
IRS990EZ/CostOfGoodsSoldAmt00
IRS990EZ/CostOrOtherBasisExpenseSaleAmt00
IRS990EZ/DirectIndirectPltclExpendAmt00
IRS990EZ/DonorAdvisedFndsInd00
IRS990EZ/EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd00
IRS990EZ/ExcessOrDeficitForYearAmt0-1841
IRS990EZ/FeesAndOtherPymtToIndCntrctAmt00
IRS990EZ/FiledScheduleAInd01
IRS990EZ/ForeignFinancialAccountInd00
IRS990EZ/ForeignOfficeInd00
IRS990EZ/Form1120PolFiledInd00
IRS990EZ/Form990TotalAssetsGrp/BOYAmt03597
IRS990EZ/Form990TotalAssetsGrp/EOYAmt01756
IRS990EZ/FundraisingGrossIncomeAmt00
IRS990EZ/GainOrLossFromSaleOfAssetsAmt00
IRS990EZ/GamingGrossIncomeAmt00
IRS990EZ/GrantsAndSimilarAmountsPaidAmt00
IRS990EZ/GrossProfitLossSlsOfInvntryAmt00
IRS990EZ/GrossReceiptsAmt047400
IRS990EZ/GrossSalesOfInventoryAmt00
IRS990EZ/InvestmentIncomeAmt00
IRS990EZ/LandAndBuildingsGrp/BOYAmt00
IRS990EZ/LandAndBuildingsGrp/EOYAmt00
IRS990EZ/LobbyingActivitiesInd00
IRS990EZ/MadeLoansToFromOfficersInd00
IRS990EZ/MembershipDuesAmt045522
IRS990EZ/MethodOfAccountingCashInd0X
IRS990EZ/NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt03597
IRS990EZ/NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt01756
IRS990EZ/NetAssetsOrFundBalancesGrp/BOYAmt03597
IRS990EZ/NetAssetsOrFundBalancesGrp/EOYAmt01756
IRS990EZ/OccupancyRentUtltsAndMaintAmt00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt07
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt110
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt25
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt35
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt44
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt57
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt67
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt10
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt20
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt30
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt40
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt50
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt60
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/EmployeeBenefitProgramAmt00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/EmployeeBenefitProgramAmt10
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/EmployeeBenefitProgramAmt20
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/EmployeeBenefitProgramAmt30
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/EmployeeBenefitProgramAmt40
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/EmployeeBenefitProgramAmt50
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/EmployeeBenefitProgramAmt60
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/ExpenseAccountOtherAllwncAmt00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/ExpenseAccountOtherAllwncAmt10
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/ExpenseAccountOtherAllwncAmt20
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/ExpenseAccountOtherAllwncAmt30
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/ExpenseAccountOtherAllwncAmt40
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/ExpenseAccountOtherAllwncAmt50
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/ExpenseAccountOtherAllwncAmt60
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm0Patrick Batten
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm1Robert Hooser
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm2Kathryn Padderud
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm3Christopher Wright
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm4Keenan Kanaeholo
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm5Tony Rush
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm6Zach Ford
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt0Commissioner
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt1Treasurer
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt2Secretary
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt3Membership Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt4Communications Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt5Athletic Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt6DEI Chair
IRS990EZ/OperateHospitalInd00
IRS990EZ/Organization501c3Ind0X
IRS990EZ/OrganizationDissolvedEtcInd00
IRS990EZ/OrganizationHadUBIInd00
IRS990EZ/OtherAssetsTotalDetail/BOYAmt00
IRS990EZ/OtherAssetsTotalDetail/EOYAmt00
IRS990EZ/OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt00
IRS990EZ/OtherExpensesTotalAmt00
IRS990EZ/OtherRevenueTotalAmt00
IRS990EZ/PartVIHghstPdCntrctProfSrvcTxt0NONE
IRS990EZ/PartVIOfCompOfHghstPdEmplTxt0NONE
IRS990EZ/PoliticalCampaignActyInd00
IRS990EZ/PrimaryExemptPurposeTxt0The organization provided two softball leagues sessions for over 250 players; 3 pickleball seasons; summer golf with a tournament; 2 tennis seasons
IRS990EZ/PrintingPublicationsPostageAmt00
IRS990EZ/ProgramServiceRevenueAmt00
IRS990EZ/ProgramSrvcAccomplishmentGrp/DescriptionProgramSrvcAccomTxt0Provided softball, golf, pickleball, and tennis leagues for the LGBTQ+ community; to include over 250 players for softball leagues in two different sessions, a fourth season for our golf league
IRS990EZ/ProgramSrvcAccomplishmentGrp/GrantsAndAllocationsAmt00
IRS990EZ/ProgramSrvcAccomplishmentGrp/ProgramServiceExpensesAmt00
IRS990EZ/ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd00
IRS990EZ/RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd00
IRS990EZ/SalariesOtherCompEmplBnftAmt00
IRS990EZ/SaleOfAssetsGrossAmt00
IRS990EZ/ScheduleBNotRequiredInd0X
IRS990EZ/SchoolOperatingInd00
IRS990EZ/SpecialEventsDirectExpensesAmt00
IRS990EZ/SpecialEventsNetIncomeLossAmt00
IRS990EZ/StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd0CO
IRS990EZ/SubjectToProxyTaxInd00
IRS990EZ/SumOfTotalLiabilitiesGrp/BOYAmt00
IRS990EZ/SumOfTotalLiabilitiesGrp/EOYAmt00
IRS990EZ/TanningServicesProvidedInd00
IRS990EZ/TaxImposedOnOrganizationMgrAmt00
IRS990EZ/TaxImposedUnderIRC4911Amt00
IRS990EZ/TaxImposedUnderIRC4912Amt00
IRS990EZ/TaxImposedUnderIRC4955Amt00
IRS990EZ/TaxReimbursedByOrganizationAmt00
IRS990EZ/TotalExpensesAmt049241
IRS990EZ/TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt00
IRS990EZ/TotalRevenueAmt047400
IRS990EZ/TransactionWithControlEntInd00
IRS990EZ/TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd00
IRS990EZ/TypeOfOrganizationAssocInd0X
IRS990EZ/WebsiteAddressTxt0https://www.greaterdenverasa.org
IRS990ScheduleA/AmountsRcvdDsqlfyPersonGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/AmountsRcvdDsqlfyPersonGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/Form990ScheduleAPartVIGrp/ExplanationTxt0All business is done with registration dues from players in the various sports played
IRS990ScheduleA/Form990ScheduleAPartVIGrp/FormAndLineReferenceDesc0Schedule A, Part III, Line 20
IRS990ScheduleA/GiftsGrantsContrisRcvd509Grp/CurrentTaxYearAmt047400
IRS990ScheduleA/GiftsGrantsContrisRcvd509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt045617
IRS990ScheduleA/GiftsGrantsContrisRcvd509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt048770
IRS990ScheduleA/GiftsGrantsContrisRcvd509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt046908
IRS990ScheduleA/GiftsGrantsContrisRcvd509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt038775
IRS990ScheduleA/GiftsGrantsContrisRcvd509Grp/TotalAmt0227470
IRS990ScheduleA/GovtFurnSrvcFcltsVl509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GovtFurnSrvcFcltsVl509Grp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossInvestmentIncome509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossInvestmentIncome509Grp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt06500
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt04410
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt05315
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp/TotalAmt016225
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsNonUnrltBusGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsNonUnrltBusGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/InvestmentIncomeAndUBTIGrp/CurrentTaxYearAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/InvestmentIncomeAndUBTIGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/InvestmentIncomeAndUBTIGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/InvestmentIncomeAndUBTIGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/InvestmentIncomeAndUBTIGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/InvestmentIncomeAndUBTIGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/InvestmentIncomeCYPct00
IRS990ScheduleA/InvestmentIncomePYPct00
IRS990ScheduleA/NetIncomeFromOtherUBIGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/NetIncomeFromOtherUBIGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/OtherIncome509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/OtherIncome509Grp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/Post1975UBTIGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/Post1975UBTIGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/PrivateFoundation509Ind0X
IRS990ScheduleA/PubliclySupportedOrg509a2Ind0X
IRS990ScheduleA/PublicSupportCY509Pct01
IRS990ScheduleA/PublicSupportPY509Pct01
IRS990ScheduleA/PublicSupportTotal509Amt0243695
IRS990ScheduleA/SubstAndDsqlfyPrsnsTotGrp/CurrentTaxYearAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/SubstAndDsqlfyPrsnsTotGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/SubstAndDsqlfyPrsnsTotGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/SubstAndDsqlfyPrsnsTotGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/SubstAndDsqlfyPrsnsTotGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/SubstAndDsqlfyPrsnsTotGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/SubstantialContributorsAmtGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/SubstantialContributorsAmtGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/TaxRevLeviedOrgnztnlBnft509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/TaxRevLeviedOrgnztnlBnft509Grp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/Total509Grp/CurrentTaxYearAmt047400
IRS990ScheduleA/Total509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt045617
IRS990ScheduleA/Total509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt055270
IRS990ScheduleA/Total509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt051318
IRS990ScheduleA/Total509Grp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt044090
IRS990ScheduleA/Total509Grp/TotalAmt0243695
IRS990ScheduleA/TotalSupportCalendarYearGrp/CurrentTaxYearAmt047400
IRS990ScheduleA/TotalSupportCalendarYearGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt045617
IRS990ScheduleA/TotalSupportCalendarYearGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt055270
IRS990ScheduleA/TotalSupportCalendarYearGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt051318
IRS990ScheduleA/TotalSupportCalendarYearGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt044090
IRS990ScheduleA/TotalSupportCalendarYearGrp/TotalAmt0243695
ReturnHeader/BuildTS02025-03-06 01:10:19Z
ReturnHeader/BusinessOfficerGrp/PersonNm0Robert Hooser
ReturnHeader/BusinessOfficerGrp/PersonTitleTxt0Treasurer
ReturnHeader/BusinessOfficerGrp/PhoneNum03032105166
ReturnHeader/BusinessOfficerGrp/SignatureDt02026-02-17
ReturnHeader/Filer/BusinessName/BusinessNameLine1Txt0GREAT DENVER AREA SPORTS ASSOCIATION
ReturnHeader/Filer/BusinessNameControlTxt0GREA
ReturnHeader/Filer/EIN0824428953
ReturnHeader/Filer/PhoneNum07204132547
ReturnHeader/Filer/USAddress/AddressLine1Txt0925 N Lincoln St 4H
ReturnHeader/Filer/USAddress/CityNm0Denver
ReturnHeader/Filer/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCd0CO
ReturnHeader/Filer/USAddress/ZIPCd080803
ReturnHeader/ReturnTs02026-02-17T12:39:15-07:00
ReturnHeader/ReturnTypeCd0990EZ
ReturnHeader/TaxPeriodBeginDt02025-01-01
ReturnHeader/TaxPeriodEndDt02025-12-31
ReturnHeader/TaxYr02025

Document Assets

No mirrored PDF or thumbnail assets are attached yet.