Civic Intelligence

The International Dark-Sky Association Inc

EIN 74-2493011 • 501(c)3 • Tucson, AZ

Profile

Darksky's mission is to restore the nighttime environment and protect communities and wildlife from night pollution.

5049 E Broadway Blvd 105Tucson, AZ 85711

www.darksky.org

Siviq Scores

Precomputed percentiles relative to similar nonprofits. These scores are descriptive rather than judgmental.

Liabilities / Assets

54th percentile

0.09x

Higher debt load relative to assets than 54% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Liabilities / Revenue

50th percentile

0.07x

Higher debt load relative to revenue than 50% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Net Margin

66th percentile

14%

Higher net margin than 66% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Top Officer Pay

89th percentile

$194,364

Higher top officer pay than 89% of similar nonprofits.

Top officer pay equals 6.7% of source-year revenue.

501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Asset Growth

80th percentile

22%

Faster asset growth than 80% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Revenue Growth

79th percentile

39%

Faster revenue growth than 79% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • $1M-$5M nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Assets

Up

$2,439,695

Up $445,799 (+22%) from 2023

Liabilities

Up

$213,184

Up $1,970 (+0.9%) from 2023

Net Assets

Up

$2,226,511

Up $443,829 (+25%) from 2023

Revenue

Up

$2,911,140

Up $821,080 (+39%) from 2023

Expenses

Up

$2,508,216

Up $612,021 (+32%) from 2023

Net Income

Up

$402,924

Up $209,059 (+108%) from 2023

Trend Graphs

Balance Sheet Trend

Grouped bars show assets, liabilities, and net assets across loaded filings.

$3.0M$2.0M$1.0M$0Assets 2010: $145,423Liabilities 2010: $21,691Net Assets 2010: $123,7322010Assets 2011: $194,166Liabilities 2011: $26,503Net Assets 2011: $167,6632011Assets 2012: $203,037Liabilities 2012: $19,034Net Assets 2012: $184,0032012Assets 2013: $343,167Liabilities 2013: $48,199Net Assets 2013: $294,9682013Assets 2014: $252,517Liabilities 2014: $29,448Net Assets 2014: $223,0692014Assets 2015: $238,254Liabilities 2015: $93,364Net Assets 2015: $144,8902015Assets 2016: $418,994Liabilities 2016: $122,417Net Assets 2016: $296,5772016Assets 2017: $396,714Liabilities 2017: $131,412Net Assets 2017: $265,3022017Assets 2018: $449,249Liabilities 2018: $134,566Net Assets 2018: $314,6832018Assets 2019: $541,156Liabilities 2019: $50,710Net Assets 2019: $490,4462019Assets 2020: $806,531Liabilities 2020: $52,435Net Assets 2020: $754,0962020Assets 2021: $1,012,568Liabilities 2021: $127,365Net Assets 2021: $885,2032021Assets 2022: $1,739,044Liabilities 2022: $150,227Net Assets 2022: $1,588,8172022Assets 2023: $1,993,896Liabilities 2023: $211,214Net Assets 2023: $1,782,6822023Assets 2024: $2,439,695Liabilities 2024: $213,184Net Assets 2024: $2,226,5112024

Highlighted filing

2024

Assets$2,439,695
Liabilities$213,184
Net Assets$2,226,511

Operations Trend

Revenue, expenses, and net income by year, with the latest filing highlighted.

$3.0M$2.0M$1.0M$0-$1.0MExpenses 2010: $663,6942010Revenue 2011: $757,450Expenses 2011: $713,519Net Income 2011: $43,9312011Revenue 2012: $547,302Expenses 2012: $530,962Net Income 2012: $16,3402012Revenue 2013: $724,737Expenses 2013: $602,565Net Income 2013: $122,1722013Revenue 2014: $530,605Expenses 2014: $602,504Net Income 2014: -$71,8992014Revenue 2015: $550,646Expenses 2015: $518,241Net Income 2015: $32,4052015Revenue 2016: $718,903Expenses 2016: $567,216Net Income 2016: $151,6872016Revenue 2017: $750,114Expenses 2017: $756,389Net Income 2017: -$6,2752017Revenue 2018: $904,079Expenses 2018: $854,698Net Income 2018: $49,3812018Revenue 2019: $1,168,128Expenses 2019: $992,365Net Income 2019: $175,7632019Revenue 2020: $1,145,055Expenses 2020: $881,405Net Income 2020: $263,6502020Revenue 2021: $1,356,197Expenses 2021: $1,225,090Net Income 2021: $131,1072021Revenue 2022: $2,071,832Expenses 2022: $1,368,218Net Income 2022: $703,6142022Revenue 2023: $2,090,060Expenses 2023: $1,896,195Net Income 2023: $193,8652023Revenue 2024: $2,911,140Expenses 2024: $2,508,216Net Income 2024: $402,9242024

Highlighted filing

2024

Revenue$2,911,140
Expenses$2,508,216
Net Income$402,924

Filings

Balance SheetOperations
YearAssetsLiabilitiesNet AssetsRevenueExpensesNet Income
2024Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$2.44$0.21$2.23$2.91$2.51$0.40
2023XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$1.99$0.21$1.78$2.09$1.90$0.19
2022Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$1.74$0.15$1.59$2.07$1.37$0.70
2021XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$1.01$0.13$0.89$1.36$1.23$0.13
2020XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$0.81$0.05$0.75$1.15$0.88$0.26
2019XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$0.54$0.05$0.49$1.17$0.99$0.18
2018XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$0.45$0.13$0.31$0.90$0.85$0.05
2017XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$0.40$0.13$0.27$0.75$0.76$0.01
2016XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$0.42$0.12$0.30$0.72$0.57$0.15
2015XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$0.24$0.09$0.14$0.55$0.52$0.03
2014Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$0.25$0.03$0.22$0.53$0.60$0.07
2013Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$0.34$0.05$0.29$0.72$0.60$0.12
2012Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$0.20$0.02$0.18$0.55$0.53$0.02
2011Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$0.19$0.03$0.17$0.76$0.71$0.04
2010Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$0.15$0.02$0.12$0.66
Latest Filing Detail
Jump To
Filing Snapshot
Filing Period
Jan 1, 2024 to Dec 31, 2024
Signed
Oct 30, 2025
Return Version
2024v5.0
Gross Receipts
$3,209,131
Mission and Program Overview

Mission

The association's mission is to preserve and protect the nighttime environment and our heritage of dark skies through quality outdoor lighting. The association works to stop the adverse impact on dark skies world-wide by building awareness of the problem of light pollution, providing solutions and educating the public about the value and effectiveness of quality outdoor lighting.

Darksky international restores the nighttime environment and protects communities from the harmful effects of light pollution through outreach, advocacy, and conservation.

Balance Sheet Detail
LineBeginningEndChange
Assets
Investments in Publicly Traded Securities$759,033$819,451▲ $60,418
Pledges and Grants Receivable-$616,277-
Savings and Temporary Cash Investments$652,472$489,167▼ $163,305
Cash and Non-Interest-Bearing Accounts$471,983$381,321▼ $90,662
Land, Buildings, and Equipment, Net$65,335$45,765▼ $19,570
Prepaid Expenses and Deferred Charges$15,773$45,520▲ $29,747
Accounts Receivable$29,300$42,194▲ $12,894
Total Assets$1,993,896$2,439,695▲ $445,799
Liabilities
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses$211,214$213,184▲ $1,970
Total Liabilities$211,214$213,184▲ $1,970
Net Assets / Fund Balance
Net Assets With Donor Restrictions$883,797$1,214,269▲ $330,472
Net Assets Without Donor Restrictions$898,885$1,012,242▲ $113,357
Total Net Assets Fund Balance$1,782,682$2,226,511▲ $443,829
Total Liabilities and Net Assets / Fund Balance$1,993,896$2,439,695▲ $445,799

Asset Categories

AssetBook ValueDepreciationBasis
Equipment$45,765$18,093$63,858

Endowment Activity

PeriodBeginningContrib.Gain/LossOther UsesEnd
2024$41,900---$41,900
2023$37,000$4,900--$41,900
2022$32,000$5,000--$37,000
2021$25,000$7,000--$32,000
2020$25,000---$25,000
Compensation and Service Providers

Employees

NameTitleFull / Part TimeBaseOtherTotal
Ruskin HartleyExecutive DiFT$175,368$18,996$194,364
Ruskin HartleyExecutive Director-$175,368$18,996$194,364
Brian LiebelCHF ProgramFT$166,866$12,387$179,253
Brian LiebelCHF Program Off.-$166,866$12,387$179,253
Susan ServenDirector ofFT$132,603$7,356$139,959
Nicole RoseCHF FinanciaFT$123,143-$123,143

Board Members and Trustees

Revenue and Support

Revenue Composition

Contributions and Grants
$2,441,145
Program Service Revenue
$392,039
Investment Income
$44,973
Other Revenue
$32,983
All Other Contributions
$2,441,145
Change in Net Assets
$402,924

Noncash Contribution Practices

Property subject to holding requirements
No
Reviewed unusual noncash gifts
No
Third parties used for noncash contributions
No

Noncash Contributions

Contribution TypeContribution CountReported AmountValuation Method
Securities Publicly Traded5$61,120Fair Market Value
Total Noncash Contributions5$61,120-
Expenses and Functional Allocation

Major Expense Lines

Line ItemAmount
Salaries, Compensation, and Employee Benefits$1,521,647
Other Expenses$982,822
Total Fundraising Expense$381,428
Grants and Similar Amounts Paid$3,747
Professional Fundraising Fees$0

Functional Expense Allocation

Line ItemProgramManagementFundraisingTotal
Other Salaries and Wages$814,918$8,187$154,581$977,686
Fees for Services Other$342,962$28,654$81,413$453,029
Current Officers, Directors, Trustees, and Key Employees$155,492$142,579$19,436$317,507
Information Technology$94,094$6,357$20,928$121,379
Other Employee Benefits$74,277$33,158$11,043$118,478
Office Expenses$44,319$16$68,276$112,611
Travel$97,616$288$1,814$99,718
Payroll Taxes$78,482$2,157$14,006$94,645
Fees for Services Accounting-$76,230-$76,230
Fees for Services Management-$42,244-$42,244
Occupancy$26,124$714$4,613$31,451
Depreciation Depletion$16,255$444$2,871$19,570
Pension Plan Contributions$8,762$2,973$1,596$13,331
Insurance-$10,916-$10,916
Grants to Domestic Orgs$3,747--$3,747
Fees for Services Legal-$3,544-$3,544
Other Expenses$1,298$136$646$2,080
Conferences and Meetings$1,208$32$205$1,445
Total Functional Expenses$1,768,159$358,629$381,428$2,508,216
Fundraising, Events, and Gaming
Fundraising activities
No
Gaming activities
No
Professional fundraiser used
No

Fundraising and Gaming Totals

Line ItemAmount
Professional Fundraising Fees$0
Political and Lobbying Activity
Political campaign activity
No
Lobbying activity
No
Subject to proxy tax
No
Governance and Compliance

Governance Checklist

Compiled or reviewed by an accountant
No
Annual disclosure for covered persons
Yes
Audit committee
Yes
Backup withholding compliance
Yes
Business relationship with 35% controlled entity
No
Business relationship with family members
No
Business relationship with organization members
No
Material changes to governing documents
No
Compensation from other sources disclosed
No
CEO compensation reviewed
Yes
Other officer compensation reviewed
No
Conflict-of-interest policy
Yes
Audited financial statements prepared
No
Key decisions subject to board approval
No
Management duties delegated
No

Governance Explanations

Form 990, Page 6, Part VI, Line 7A

Organization members have the right to elect up to three members of the governing body, but do not have any additional rights such as approving significant decisions of the governing body.

Form 990, Page 6, Part VI, Line 11B

The return is reviewed by management and the finance committee prior to approval to file. In addition, a copy is provided to the entire board prior to filing.

Form 990, Page 6, Part VI, Line 12C

Statements are required to be completed annually and compliance is monitored.

Form 990, Page 6, Part VI, Line 15A

Based on the executive director's annual work plan, approved by the darksky board of directors, the board reviewed the executive director's performance against benchmarks and then adjusted compensation, also factoring in darksky's compensation philosophy and salary surveys of comparable organizations.

Form 990, Page 6, Part VI, Line 19

Copies of the tax return are available for public inspection upon requests made in writing to the president at the tucson address.

Filing and Contact Details

Filer

Filer Name
The International Dark-sky
EIN
74-2493011
Phone
5202933198
Address
5049 E BROADWAY BLVD 105, TUCSON, AZ 85711
Doing Business As
Darksky International

Signing Officer

Name
Ruskin Hartley
Title
Executive Director
Phone
5202933198
Signed
2025-10-30

Organization Details

Principal Officer
Ruskin Hartley
Formed
1988
Legal Domicile
Az
Voting Board Members
13
Independent Board Members
13
Employees
18
Volunteers
2,800

Preparer

Firm
Ludwig Klewer & Rudner Pllc
Address
4783 E CAMP LOWELL DR, TUCSON, AZ 85712
Preparer
Julie S Klewer CPA
Phone
5205450500
Supplemental Narrative

Additional Explanations

Form 990, Page 2, Part III, Line 4A

Darksky's engagement program empowers individuals and communities to protect the night from light pollution through education, outreach, and grassroots action. In 2024, the program supported members, advocates, and supporters in all 50 u.s. States and more than 135 countries and territories, reinforcing darksky's role as a global leader in light pollution awareness and solutions. In 2024, darksky welcomed approximately 840 new advocates, expanding the global network to representatives from 111 countries and territories across six continents. New engagement efforts were launched in mongolia, the united arab emirates, and paraguary, while existing regional programs experiences revitalization and growth. These activities reflect an increasing global commitment to protecting natural nightscapes and advancing community-led change. During international dark sky week 2024, darksky and its network of chapters, delegates, and advocates reached millions through international media coverage and public programming, demonstrating the growth visibility and resonance of the dark sky movement. In november 2024, darksky hosted under one sky 2024, a 24-hour virtual global conference that brought together 950 participants from 53 countries. This flagship event is a platform for shared learning, collaboration, and storytelling across time zones and cultures. New and translated educational resources, along with region-specific tools, supported local action, resulting in a noticeable increase in policy- focused and astrotourism-centered dialogue with decision-makers. This underscored darksky's growing influence at the community level.

Form 990, Page 2, Part III, Line 4B

Darksky's policy and technical initiatives advance the adoption of effective lighting practices and influence standards worldwide. In 2024, darksky empowered communities, governments, and professionals with tools, data, and strategic partnerships to reduce light pollution and protect the night sky. During international dark sky week 2024, darksky advocates and delegates secured 117 official proclamations from local governments and communities, recognizing the importance of protecting natural darkness. These proclamations were granted from more than 200 applications submitted globally, reflecting an expanding recognition of light pollution as a public policy concern. To support regulatory change, darksky released new codes and statutes templates, offering model language to guide communities and professionals in crafting effective ordinances that reduce light pollution while improving lighting quality. In europe, darksky played a leading role in a campaign supporting the european light pollution manifesto, which aims to integrate light pollution into environmental policy frameworks that safeguard biodiversity, public health, and energy efficiency. At the u.s. Federal level, darksky endorsed the dark and quiet skies act of 2024, a proposed u.s. Bill to establish a center of excellence to address the impact of satellites on the night sky and support innovation in light pollution mitigation. Scientific research continued to inform and strengthen policy through the annual state of the science report, which added 527 new peer-reviewed references in 2024, bringing the total to over 5,000. These resources provide a foundation for evidence-based decision-making around the world. Darksky's influence also grew within the professional lighting sector. A memorandum of understanding signed with the luci association, an international network of cities on urban lighting, marked a significant step toward aligning quality lighting practices with environmental responsibility. The agreement was announced at luci's annual conference, where darksky delivered the keynote address, signaling a broader cultural shift toward sustainable lighting in urban environments.

Form 990, Page 2, Part III, Line 4C

By the end of 2024, the international dark sky places program had designated a total of 233 certified locations, collectively protecting over 176,000 square kilometers of land and night skies in 39 countries and territories across six continents. These designations not only conserve ecosystems and support biodiversity, but also foster community identity, sustainable tourism, and educational opportunities rooted in the value of natural darkness. In 2024, 28 new international dark sky places were approved, including diverse locations such as isle of rum (united kingdom), kaikoura (new zealand), beaver island state wildlife research area (united states), and alula manara & algharameel nature reserve (saudi arabia). Each designation represents a local commitment to preserving the night sky through policy, public engagement, and sustainable lighting design. To address lighting challenges in complex, high-impact environments, darksky launched pilot recognition programs for the marine port terminal and oil & gas industries. In collaboration with port tampa bay and the new mexico oil & gas association, these pilot efforts demonstrate how industry partners can significantly reduce light pollution while maintaining operational effectiveness. The resulting frameworks are expected to serve as scalable models for future expansion and adoption across these and other sectors.

Form 990, Part IX, Line 11G

Other prof fees 342,962 28,654 81,413

Financial Statement Notes

Schedule D, Page 2, Part V, Line 4

The organization intends to use investment earnings from the endowment funds to carry on the principal activities of the organization. The principle balance will remain as permanently restricted funds unless the organization ceases business.

Schedule D, Page 3, Part X

The organization's policy is to disclose or recognize income tax positions based on management's estimate of whether it is reasonably possible or probable, respectively, that a liability has been incurred for unrecognized income tax positions. As of december 31, 2024, there were no uncertain tax positions that are potentially material. In addition, management is not aware of any matters which would cause the organization to lose it tax- exempt status.

Raw XML AppendixShowing 400 of 585 raw XML fields

This appendix keeps the raw XML leaves available for debugging and edge-case review. The human report above is the primary experience.

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IRS990/ActivityOrMissionDesc0DARKSKY INTERNATIONAL RESTORES THE NIGHTTIME ENVIRONMENT AND PROTECTS COMMUNITIES FROM THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF LIGHT POLLUTION THROUGH OUTREACH, ADVOCACY, AND CONSERVATION.
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IRS990/Desc0DARKSKY'S ENGAGEMENT PROGRAM EMPOWERS INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES TO PROTECT THE NIGHT FROM LIGHT POLLUTION THROUGH EDUCATION, OUTREACH, AND GRASSROOTS ACTION. IN 2024, THE PROGRAM SUPPORTED MEMBERS, ADVOCATES, AND SUPPORTERS IN ALL 50 U.S. STATES AND MORE THAN 135 COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES, REINFORCING DARKSKY'S ROLE AS A GLOBAL LEADER IN LIGHT POLLUTION AWARENESS AND SOLUTIONS. IN 2024, DARKSKY WELCOMED APPROXIMATELY 840 NEW ADVOCATES, EXPANDING THE GLOBAL NETWORK TO REPRESENTATIVES FROM 111 COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES ACROSS SIX CONTINENTS. NEW ENGAGEMENT EFFORTS WERE LAUNCHED IN MONGOLIA, THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES, AND PARAGUARY, WHILE EXISTING REGIONAL PROGRAMS EXPERIENCES REVITALIZATION AND GROWTH. THESE ACTIVITIES REFLECT AN INCREASING GLOBAL COMMITMENT TO PROTECTING NATURAL NIGHTSCAPES AND ADVANCING COMMUNITY-LED CHANGE. DURING INTERNATIONAL DARK SKY WEEK 2024, DARKSKY AND ITS NETWORK OF CHAPTERS, DELEGATES, AND ADVOCATES REACHED MILLIONS THROUGH INTERNATIONAL MEDIA COVERAGE AND PUBLIC PROGRAMMING, DEMONSTRATING THE GROWTH VISIBILITY AND RESONANCE OF THE DARK SKY MOVEMENT. IN NOVEMBER 2024, DARKSKY HOSTED UNDER ONE SKY 2024, A 24-HOUR VIRTUAL GLOBAL CONFERENCE THAT BROUGHT TOGETHER 950 PARTICIPANTS FROM 53 COUNTRIES. THIS FLAGSHIP EVENT IS A PLATFORM FOR SHARED LEARNING, COLLABORATION, AND STORYTELLING ACROSS TIME ZONES AND CULTURES. NEW AND TRANSLATED EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES, ALONG WITH REGION-SPECIFIC TOOLS, SUPPORTED LOCAL ACTION, RESULTING IN A NOTICEABLE INCREASE IN POLICY- FOCUSED AND ASTROTOURISM-CENTERED DIALOGUE WITH DECISION-MAKERS. THIS UNDERSCORED DARKSKY'S GROWING INFLUENCE AT THE COMMUNITY LEVEL.
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IRS990/MissionDesc0DARKSKY INTERNATIONAL RESTORES THE NIGHTTIME ENVIRONMENT AND PROTECTS COMMUNITIES FROM THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF LIGHT POLLUTION THROUGH OUTREACH, ADVOCACY, AND CONSERVATION.
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IRS990/ProgSrvcAccomActy2Grp/Desc0DARKSKY'S POLICY AND TECHNICAL INITIATIVES ADVANCE THE ADOPTION OF EFFECTIVE LIGHTING PRACTICES AND INFLUENCE STANDARDS WORLDWIDE. IN 2024, DARKSKY EMPOWERED COMMUNITIES, GOVERNMENTS, AND PROFESSIONALS WITH TOOLS, DATA, AND STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS TO REDUCE LIGHT POLLUTION AND PROTECT THE NIGHT SKY. DURING INTERNATIONAL DARK SKY WEEK 2024, DARKSKY ADVOCATES AND DELEGATES SECURED 117 OFFICIAL PROCLAMATIONS FROM LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND COMMUNITIES, RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF PROTECTING NATURAL DARKNESS. THESE PROCLAMATIONS WERE GRANTED FROM MORE THAN 200 APPLICATIONS SUBMITTED GLOBALLY, REFLECTING AN EXPANDING RECOGNITION OF LIGHT POLLUTION AS A PUBLIC POLICY CONCERN. TO SUPPORT REGULATORY CHANGE, DARKSKY RELEASED NEW CODES AND STATUTES TEMPLATES, OFFERING MODEL LANGUAGE TO GUIDE COMMUNITIES AND PROFESSIONALS IN CRAFTING EFFECTIVE ORDINANCES THAT REDUCE LIGHT POLLUTION WHILE IMPROVING LIGHTING QUALITY. IN EUROPE, DARKSKY PLAYED A LEADING ROLE IN A CAMPAIGN SUPPORTING THE EUROPEAN LIGHT POLLUTION MANIFESTO, WHICH AIMS TO INTEGRATE LIGHT POLLUTION INTO ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY FRAMEWORKS THAT SAFEGUARD BIODIVERSITY, PUBLIC HEALTH, AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY. AT THE U.S. FEDERAL LEVEL, DARKSKY ENDORSED THE DARK AND QUIET SKIES ACT OF 2024, A PROPOSED U.S. BILL TO ESTABLISH A CENTER OF EXCELLENCE TO ADDRESS THE IMPACT OF SATELLITES ON THE NIGHT SKY AND SUPPORT INNOVATION IN LIGHT POLLUTION MITIGATION. SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONTINUED TO INFORM AND STRENGTHEN POLICY THROUGH THE ANNUAL STATE OF THE SCIENCE REPORT, WHICH ADDED 527 NEW PEER-REVIEWED REFERENCES IN 2024, BRINGING THE TOTAL TO OVER 5,000. THESE RESOURCES PROVIDE A FOUNDATION FOR EVIDENCE-BASED DECISION-MAKING AROUND THE WORLD. DARKSKY'S INFLUENCE ALSO GREW WITHIN THE PROFESSIONAL LIGHTING SECTOR. A MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING SIGNED WITH THE LUCI ASSOCIATION, AN INTERNATIONAL NETWORK OF CITIES ON URBAN LIGHTING, MARKED A SIGNIFICANT STEP TOWARD ALIGNING QUALITY LIGHTING PRACTICES WITH ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY. THE AGREEMENT WAS ANNOUNCED AT LUCI'S ANNUAL CONFERENCE, WHERE DARKSKY DELIVERED THE KEYNOTE ADDRESS, SIGNALING A BROADER CULTURAL SHIFT TOWARD SUSTAINABLE LIGHTING IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS.
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IRS990/ProgSrvcAccomActy3Grp/Desc0BY THE END OF 2024, THE INTERNATIONAL DARK SKY PLACES PROGRAM HAD DESIGNATED A TOTAL OF 233 CERTIFIED LOCATIONS, COLLECTIVELY PROTECTING OVER 176,000 SQUARE KILOMETERS OF LAND AND NIGHT SKIES IN 39 COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES ACROSS SIX CONTINENTS. THESE DESIGNATIONS NOT ONLY CONSERVE ECOSYSTEMS AND SUPPORT BIODIVERSITY, BUT ALSO FOSTER COMMUNITY IDENTITY, SUSTAINABLE TOURISM, AND EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES ROOTED IN THE VALUE OF NATURAL DARKNESS. IN 2024, 28 NEW INTERNATIONAL DARK SKY PLACES WERE APPROVED, INCLUDING DIVERSE LOCATIONS SUCH AS ISLE OF RUM (UNITED KINGDOM), KAIKOURA (NEW ZEALAND), BEAVER ISLAND STATE WILDLIFE RESEARCH AREA (UNITED STATES), AND ALULA MANARA & ALGHARAMEEL NATURE RESERVE (SAUDI ARABIA). EACH DESIGNATION REPRESENTS A LOCAL COMMITMENT TO PRESERVING THE NIGHT SKY THROUGH POLICY, PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT, AND SUSTAINABLE LIGHTING DESIGN. TO ADDRESS LIGHTING CHALLENGES IN COMPLEX, HIGH-IMPACT ENVIRONMENTS, DARKSKY LAUNCHED PILOT RECOGNITION PROGRAMS FOR THE MARINE PORT TERMINAL AND OIL & GAS INDUSTRIES. IN COLLABORATION WITH PORT TAMPA BAY AND THE NEW MEXICO OIL & GAS ASSOCIATION, THESE PILOT EFFORTS DEMONSTRATE HOW INDUSTRY PARTNERS CAN SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE LIGHT POLLUTION WHILE MAINTAINING OPERATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS. THE RESULTING FRAMEWORKS ARE EXPECTED TO SERVE AS SCALABLE MODELS FOR FUTURE EXPANSION AND ADOPTION ACROSS THESE AND OTHER SECTORS.
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