Civic Intelligence

Carolina Student Legal Services

EIN 58-1927954 • 501(c)3 • Chapel Hill, NC

Profile

Provide legal services to students

PO Box 1312Chapel Hill, NC 27514

www.studentlegalservies.web.unc.edu

Siviq Scores

Precomputed percentiles relative to similar nonprofits. These scores are descriptive rather than judgmental.

Liabilities / Assets

32nd percentile

0.00x

Higher debt load relative to assets than 32% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE I • $500k-$1M nonprofits • Source year 2025

Liabilities / Revenue

31st percentile

0.00x

Higher debt load relative to revenue than 31% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE I • $500k-$1M nonprofits • Source year 2025

Net Margin

24th percentile

-5.2%

Higher net margin than 24% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE I • $500k-$1M nonprofits • Source year 2025

Top Officer Pay

95th percentile

$182,533

Higher top officer pay than 95% of similar nonprofits.

Top officer pay equals 36.9% of source-year revenue.

NTEE I • $500k-$1M nonprofits • Source year 2025

Asset Growth

32nd percentile

-4.4%

Faster asset growth than 32% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE I • $500k-$1M nonprofits • Annualized from 2024 to 2025

Revenue Growth

31st percentile

-2.7%

Faster revenue growth than 31% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE I • $500k-$1M nonprofits • Annualized from 2024 to 2025

Assets

Down

$627,524

Down $28,808 (-4.4%) from 2024

Liabilities

Down

$1,239

Down $3,085 (-71%) from 2024

Net Assets

Down

$626,285

Down $25,723 (-3.9%) from 2024

Revenue

Down

$494,103

Down $13,619 (-2.7%) from 2024

Expenses

Up

$519,826

Up $20,490 (+4.1%) from 2024

Net Income

Down

-$25,723

Down $34,109 (-407%) from 2024

Trend Graphs

Balance Sheet Trend

Grouped bars show assets, liabilities, and net assets across loaded filings.

$800K$600K$400K$200K$0Assets 2011: $32,373Liabilities 2011: $18,906Net Assets 2011: $13,4672011Assets 2012: $44,501Liabilities 2012: $23,438Net Assets 2012: $21,0632012Assets 2013: $63,756Liabilities 2013: $35,746Net Assets 2013: $28,0102013Assets 2014: $72,775Liabilities 2014: $37,328Net Assets 2014: $35,4472014Assets 2015: $95,169Liabilities 2015: $4,786Net Assets 2015: $90,3832015Assets 2016: $183,133Liabilities 2016: $0Net Assets 2016: $183,1332016Assets 2017: $304,308Liabilities 2017: $574Net Assets 2017: $303,7342017Assets 2018: $365,535Liabilities 2018: $574Net Assets 2018: $364,9612018Assets 2019: $457,237Liabilities 2019: $0Net Assets 2019: $457,2372019Assets 2020: $473,435Liabilities 2020: $181Net Assets 2020: $473,2542020Assets 2021: $531,239Liabilities 2021: $905Net Assets 2021: $530,3342021Assets 2022: $580,344Liabilities 2022: $716Net Assets 2022: $579,6282022Assets 2023: $644,892Liabilities 2023: $1,270Net Assets 2023: $643,6222023Assets 2024: $656,332Liabilities 2024: $4,324Net Assets 2024: $652,0082024Assets 2025: $627,524Liabilities 2025: $1,239Net Assets 2025: $626,2852025

Highlighted filing

2025

Assets$627,524
Liabilities$1,239
Net Assets$626,285

Operations Trend

Revenue, expenses, and net income by year, with the latest filing highlighted.

$600K$400K$200K$0-$200KRevenue 2011: $410,658Expenses 2011: $413,406Net Income 2011: -$2,7482011Revenue 2012: $429,021Expenses 2012: $421,424Net Income 2012: $7,5972012Revenue 2013: $432,846Expenses 2013: $425,738Net Income 2013: $7,1082013Revenue 2014: $450,059Expenses 2014: $442,622Net Income 2014: $7,4372014Revenue 2015: $439,510Expenses 2015: $410,589Net Income 2015: $28,9212015Revenue 2016: $462,347Expenses 2016: $395,612Net Income 2016: $66,7352016Revenue 2017: $493,607Expenses 2017: $373,006Net Income 2017: $120,6012017Revenue 2018: $444,660Expenses 2018: $383,433Net Income 2018: $61,2272018Revenue 2019: $461,503Expenses 2019: $369,227Net Income 2019: $92,2762019Revenue 2020: $425,014Expenses 2020: $408,997Net Income 2020: $16,0172020Revenue 2021: $466,927Expenses 2021: $409,847Net Income 2021: $57,0802021Revenue 2022: $500,949Expenses 2022: $451,655Net Income 2022: $49,2942022Revenue 2023: $520,527Expenses 2023: $456,533Net Income 2023: $63,9942023Revenue 2024: $507,722Expenses 2024: $499,336Net Income 2024: $8,3862024Revenue 2025: $494,103Expenses 2025: $519,826Net Income 2025: -$25,7232025

Highlighted filing

2025

Revenue$494,103
Expenses$519,826
Net Income-$25,723

Filings

Balance SheetOperations
YearAssetsLiabilitiesNet AssetsRevenueExpensesNet Income
2025Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$6.28$0.01$6.26$4.94$5.20$0.26
2024Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$6.56$0.04$6.52$5.08$4.99$0.08
2023Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$6.45$0.01$6.44$5.21$4.57$0.64
2022Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$5.80$0.01$5.80$5.01$4.52$0.49
2021XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$5.31$0.01$5.30$4.67$4.10$0.57
2020XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$4.73$0.00$4.73$4.25$4.09$0.16
2019XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$4.57$0.00$4.57$4.62$3.69$0.92
2018XML pending. An XML filing is linked for this year, but detailed extraction is still pending.$3.66$0.01$3.65$4.45$3.83$0.61
2017Facts available. Structured filing facts are available, but richer extracted sections are limited.$3.04$0.01$3.04$4.94$3.73$1.21
2016Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$1.83$0.00$1.83$4.62$3.96$0.67
2015Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$0.95$0.05$0.90$4.40$4.11$0.29
2014Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$0.73$0.37$0.35$4.50$4.43$0.07
2013Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$0.64$0.36$0.28$4.33$4.26$0.07
2012Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$0.45$0.23$0.21$4.29$4.21$0.08
2011Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$0.32$0.19$0.13$4.11$4.13$0.03
Latest Filing Detail
Jump To
Filing Snapshot
Filing Period
Jul 1, 2024 to Jun 30, 2025
Signed
Nov 11, 2025
Return Version
2024v5.2
Gross Receipts
$494,103
Mission and Program Overview

Mission

To provide legal services to currently enrolled UNC students.

Balance Sheet Detail
LineBeginningEndChange
Assets
Savings and Temporary Cash Investments$359,264$370,802▲ $11,538
Cash and Non-Interest-Bearing Accounts$297,068$256,722▼ $40,346
Accounts Receivable-$0-
Other Notes and Loans Receivable, Net-$0-
Pledges and Grants Receivable-$0-
Receivable From Disqualified Prsn-$0-
Receivables From Officers Etc-$0-
Investments Other Securities-$0-
Investments Program Related-$0-
Investments in Publicly Traded Securities-$0-
Land, Buildings, and Equipment, Net-$0-
Intangible Assets-$0-
Inventories for Sale or Use-$0-
Prepaid Expenses and Deferred Charges-$0-
Total Assets$656,332$627,524▼ $28,808
Other Assets Total-$0-
Liabilities
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses$4,119$1,030▼ $3,089
Escrow Account Liability$205$209▲ $4
Total Liabilities$4,324$1,239▼ $3,085
Net Assets / Fund Balance
Net Assets Without Donor Restrictions$652,008$626,285▼ $25,723
Total Net Assets Fund Balance$652,008$626,285▼ $25,723
Total Liabilities and Net Assets / Fund Balance$656,332$627,524▼ $28,808

Asset Categories

AssetBook ValueDepreciationBasis
Buildings-$16,896$16,896
Compensation and Service Providers

Employees

NameTitleFull / Part TimeBaseOtherTotal
Francina MuseDirectorFT$140,320$42,213$182,533

Board Members and Trustees

NameTitle
Aaron BachenheimerFaculty Advisor
Janine ZaninFaculty Apptee.
Shreya HansaliaGrad./Prof Appt
Eliana HalivniStud.Gvmt. Appt
Neya GarciaStud.Gvmt. Appt
Kyle JunkinStudent At-Lrg
Lauren PykeStudent At-Lrg
Wendell GillandTreasurer
Revenue and Support

Revenue Composition

Contributions and Grants
$0
Program Service Revenue
$482,565
Investment Income
$11,538
Other Revenue
$0
Change in Net Assets
$-25,723
Expenses and Functional Allocation

Major Expense Lines

Line ItemAmount
Salaries, Compensation, and Employee Benefits$481,327
Other Expenses$38,499
Grants and Similar Amounts Paid$0
Professional Fundraising Fees$0
Total Fundraising Expense$0

Functional Expense Allocation

Line ItemProgramManagementFundraisingTotal
Other Salaries and Wages$125,304$83,536-$208,840
Current Officers, Directors, Trustees, and Key Employees$84,192$56,128-$140,320
Other Employee Benefits$42,124$28,083-$70,207
Pension Plan Contributions$21,103$14,068-$35,171
Payroll Taxes$16,073$10,716-$26,789
Insurance$3,362$2,242-$5,604
Office Expenses$1,747$1,164-$2,911
Travel$1,717$1,144-$2,861
Fees for Services Legal$1,537$1,025-$2,562
Fees for Services Other$902$601-$1,503
Other Expenses$817$545-$1,362
All Other Expenses$812$541-$1,353
Total Functional Expenses$311,895$207,931$0$519,826
Fundraising, Events, and Gaming
Fundraising activities
No
Gaming activities
No
Professional fundraiser used
No

Fundraising and Gaming Totals

Line ItemAmount
Professional Fundraising Fees$0
Political and Lobbying Activity
Political campaign activity
No
Lobbying activity
No
Subject to proxy tax
No
Insider Transactions and Loans

Loans and Receivables

Line ItemBeginningEndChange
Receivables from Disqualified Persons-$0-
Receivables from Officers, Directors, Trustees, and Key Employees-$0-
Governance and Compliance

Governance Checklist

Compiled or reviewed by an accountant
Yes
Annual disclosure for covered persons
Yes
Audit committee
Yes
Backup withholding compliance
No
Business relationship with 35% controlled entity
No
Business relationship with family members
No
Business relationship with organization members
No
Material changes to governing documents
No
Compensation from other sources disclosed
No
CEO compensation reviewed
Yes
Other officer compensation reviewed
Yes
Conflict-of-interest policy
Yes
Audited financial statements prepared
No
Key decisions subject to board approval
No
Management duties delegated
No

Governance Explanations

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 11B

No review was or will be conducted.

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 12C

All board members are members of the corporation (the student body). In order to prevent a conflict of interest from occurring, the organization's bylaws state that, "any voting director who ceases to be a member of the corporation shall cease being a member of the organization".

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 15B

The annual process carolina student legal services, inc. Follows to determine salary levels is multi-faceted. First, the staff prepares a packet of information for our independent board of directors. The packet contains comparability compensation data for similarly qualified persons in commensurate positions. As a nonprofit organization, we find the most comparable positions at similarly situated organizations are found primarily within government posts. This year, we compared the salaries of our director and two other attorneys with those of the nc public defenders, district attorneys, the nc assistant attorney general, and the nc attorney general, evaluating their salaries in light of comparable length of employment. We also regularly look at the salaries of peer attorneys whose work is closely linked with and/or supported by a university.staff asks our board of directors to review the packet, and then give staff various salary figures they would like to see projected.staff later presents the projections to the board of directors for their evaluation and for the determination of our compensation for the following year. All staff members are completely screened from the deliberation process, so as to eliminate all possibility that a conflift of interest may influence the meeting. The entire process, including the presentation of our research packet, the deliberation process, and the board's final decision, is documented contemporaneously, with minutes from all meetings available for public review upon request.

Form 990, Part VI, Section C, Line 18

A copy of the 990 is kept in the carolina student legal services, inc. Offices, and is available for inspection if requested.

Form 990, Part VI, Section C, Line 19

Copies of governing documents, financial statements, and conflict of interest policies are kept in the carolina student legal services, inc. Office and are available upon request for inspection.

Filing and Contact Details

Filer

Filer Name
Student Legal Services
EIN
58-1927954
Phone
9199621303
Address
PO Box 1312, Chapel Hill, NC 27514

Signing Officer

Name
Francina Muse
Title
Director
Signed
2025-11-11
Discuss with paid preparer
Yes

Organization Details

Principal Officer
Francina Muse
Formed
1990
Legal Domicile
Nc
Voting Board Members
8
Independent Board Members
8
Employees
4
Volunteers
12

Preparer

Firm
Edgington & Holliday PLLC
Address
102 Market St STE 100, Chapel Hill, NC 27516
Preparer
Jeffrey Edgington CPA
Phone
9199290595
Supplemental Narrative

Additional Explanations

Form 990, Part XII, Line 2C

The Board of Directors is included in decisions and updates about hiring accountants for compilations, tax preparation, and similar matters.

Financial Statement Notes

Part IV, Line 2B: Explanation of escrow account liability

Legal filing fees are held in trust and paid by an attorney as needed.

Raw XML AppendixShowing 400 of 470 raw XML fields

This appendix keeps the raw XML leaves available for debugging and edge-case review. The human report above is the primary experience.

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IRS990/Desc0CAROLINA STUDENT LEGAL SERVICES, INC. PROVIDES LEGAL SERVICES FOR ALL STUDENTS. THESE SERVICES INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:1. INDIVIDUAL LEGAL CONSULTATIONS FOR STUDENTS WITH LEGAL PROBLEMS.2. PREVENTATIVE LAW WORKSHOPS THROUGHOUT THE YEAR ON ISSUES AFFECTING COLLEGE STUDENTS SUCH AS LANDLORD TENANT ISSUES, ETC.3. ADVISING STUDENT GROUPS ON RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES AND OTHER PROCEDURES REGARDING SAFE PRACTICES FOR STUDENT GROUPS ON A COLLEGE CAMPUS.4. CREATING AND MAINTAINING A LIBRARY OF WRITTEN EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS FOR STUDENTS AND STUDENT GROUPS ON LEGAL ISSUES.5. CREATING VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN ABOUT THE LAW AND GAIN HANDS ON EXPERIENCE.6. ADVISING STUDENTS ABOUT APPLYING TO LAW SCHOOL AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN THE LEGAL PROFESSION.7. IMMIGRATION LAW CONSULTATIONS.
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IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp/CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt0465587
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp/TotalAmt02459070
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsNonUnrltBusGrp/TotalAmt00
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IRS990ScheduleD/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt0Legal filing fees are held in trust and paid by an attorney as needed.
IRS990ScheduleD/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc0Part IV, Line 2b: Explanation of escrow account liability
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IRS990ScheduleJ/RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp/PersonNm0Francina Muse
IRS990ScheduleJ/RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp/TitleTxt0Director
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IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt0No review was or will be conducted.
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt1ALL BOARD MEMBERS ARE MEMBERS OF THE CORPORATION (THE STUDENT BODY). IN ORDER TO PREVENT A CONFLICT OF INTEREST FROM OCCURRING, THE ORGANIZATION'S BYLAWS STATE THAT, "ANY VOTING DIRECTOR WHO CEASES TO BE A MEMBER OF THE CORPORATION SHALL CEASE BEING A MEMBER OF THE ORGANIZATION".
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt2THE ANNUAL PROCESS CAROLINA STUDENT LEGAL SERVICES, INC. FOLLOWS TO DETERMINE SALARY LEVELS IS MULTI-FACETED. FIRST, THE STAFF PREPARES A PACKET OF INFORMATION FOR OUR INDEPENDENT BOARD OF DIRECTORS. THE PACKET CONTAINS COMPARABILITY COMPENSATION DATA FOR SIMILARLY QUALIFIED PERSONS IN COMMENSURATE POSITIONS. AS A NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION, WE FIND THE MOST COMPARABLE POSITIONS AT SIMILARLY SITUATED ORGANIZATIONS ARE FOUND PRIMARILY WITHIN GOVERNMENT POSTS. THIS YEAR, WE COMPARED THE SALARIES OF OUR DIRECTOR AND TWO OTHER ATTORNEYS WITH THOSE OF THE NC PUBLIC DEFENDERS, DISTRICT ATTORNEYS, THE NC ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL, AND THE NC ATTORNEY GENERAL, EVALUATING THEIR SALARIES IN LIGHT OF COMPARABLE LENGTH OF EMPLOYMENT. WE ALSO REGULARLY LOOK AT THE SALARIES OF PEER ATTORNEYS WHOSE WORK IS CLOSELY LINKED WITH AND/OR SUPPORTED BY A UNIVERSITY.STAFF ASKS OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO REVIEW THE PACKET, AND THEN GIVE STAFF VARIOUS SALARY FIGURES THEY WOULD LIKE TO SEE PROJECTED.STAFF LATER PRESENTS THE PROJECTIONS TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR THEIR EVALUATION AND FOR THE DETERMINATION OF OUR COMPENSATION FOR THE FOLLOWING YEAR. ALL STAFF MEMBERS ARE COMPLETELY SCREENED FROM THE DELIBERATION PROCESS, SO AS TO ELIMINATE ALL POSSIBILITY THAT A CONFLIFT OF INTEREST MAY INFLUENCE THE MEETING. THE ENTIRE PROCESS, INCLUDING THE PRESENTATION OF OUR RESEARCH PACKET, THE DELIBERATION PROCESS, AND THE BOARD'S FINAL DECISION, IS DOCUMENTED CONTEMPORANEOUSLY, WITH MINUTES FROM ALL MEETINGS AVAILABLE FOR PUBLIC REVIEW UPON REQUEST.
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt3A COPY OF THE 990 IS KEPT IN THE CAROLINA STUDENT LEGAL SERVICES, INC. OFFICES, AND IS AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION IF REQUESTED.
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt4COPIES OF GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, AND CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICIES ARE KEPT IN THE CAROLINA STUDENT LEGAL SERVICES, INC. OFFICE AND ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST FOR INSPECTION.
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt5The Board of Directors is included in decisions and updates about hiring accountants for compilations, tax preparation, and similar matters.
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc0Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 11b
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc1Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 12c
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc2Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 15b
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc3Form 990, Part VI, Section C, Line 18
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc4Form 990, Part VI, Section C, Line 19
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc5Form 990, Part XII, Line 2c
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