Civic Intelligence

Bullard Cal Ripken Baseball

EIN 56-2426631 • 501(c)3 • Fresno, CA

Profile

Operate youth sports programs.

4720 N Blythe AveFresno, CA 93722

www.bullardcalripken.org

Siviq Scores

Precomputed percentiles relative to similar nonprofits. These scores are descriptive rather than judgmental.

Liabilities / Assets

Score unavailable

No value available

Liabilities-to-assets requires both liabilities and assets on the latest valid filing.

Source year 2024

Liabilities / Revenue

Score unavailable

No value available

Liabilities-to-revenue requires both liabilities and revenue on the latest valid filing.

Source year 2024

Net Margin

43rd percentile

-0.6%

Higher net margin than 43% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Source year 2024

Top Officer Pay

84th percentile

$0

Higher top officer pay than 84% of similar nonprofits.

Top officer pay equals 0.0% of source-year revenue.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Source year 2024

Asset Growth

52nd percentile

-0.3%

Faster asset growth than 52% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Revenue Growth

47th percentile

-3.0%

Faster revenue growth than 47% of similar nonprofits.

501(c)3 • <$500k nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Assets

Down

$204,767

Down $683 (-0.3%) from 2023

Liabilities

-

No earlier filing loaded for comparison.

Net Assets

Down

$204,767

Down $683 (-0.3%) from 2023

Revenue

Down

$116,264

Down $3,628 (-3.0%) from 2023

Expenses

Up

$116,947

Up $2,040 (+1.8%) from 2023

Net Income

Down

-$683

Down $5,668 (-114%) from 2023

Trend Graphs

Balance Sheet Trend

Grouped bars show assets, liabilities, and net assets across loaded filings.

$300K$200K$100K$0Assets 2010: $4,404Liabilities 2010: $02010Assets 2011: $10,431Liabilities 2011: $0Net Assets 2011: $10,4312011Assets 2012: $10,335Liabilities 2012: $0Net Assets 2012: $10,3352012Assets 2013: $7,723Liabilities 2013: $0Net Assets 2013: $7,7232013Assets 2014: $56,829Liabilities 2014: $0Net Assets 2014: $56,8292014Assets 2015: $99,124Liabilities 2015: $0Net Assets 2015: $99,1242015Assets 2016: $147,283Liabilities 2016: $0Net Assets 2016: $147,2832016Assets 2017: $160,979Liabilities 2017: $0Net Assets 2017: $160,9792017Assets 2018: $175,464Net Assets 2018: $175,4642018Assets 2019: $195,144Net Assets 2019: $195,1442019Assets 2020: $196,239Net Assets 2020: $196,2392020Assets 2021: $209,958Net Assets 2021: $209,9582021Assets 2022: $200,465Net Assets 2022: $200,4652022Assets 2023: $205,450Net Assets 2023: $205,4502023Assets 2024: $204,767Net Assets 2024: $204,7672024

Highlighted filing

2024

Assets$204,767
Liabilities-
Net Assets$204,767

Operations Trend

Revenue, expenses, and net income by year, with the latest filing highlighted.

$300K$200K$100K$0-$100KRevenue 2010: $169,604Expenses 2010: $174,877Net Income 2010: -$5,2732010Revenue 2011: $260,185Expenses 2011: $254,158Net Income 2011: $6,0272011Revenue 2012: $255,874Expenses 2012: $255,970Net Income 2012: -$962012Revenue 2013: $181,379Expenses 2013: $183,991Net Income 2013: -$2,6122013Revenue 2014: $180,987Expenses 2014: $131,881Net Income 2014: $49,1062014Revenue 2015: $190,367Expenses 2015: $148,072Net Income 2015: $42,2952015Revenue 2016: $194,073Expenses 2016: $145,914Net Income 2016: $48,1592016Revenue 2017: $136,655Expenses 2017: $122,959Net Income 2017: $13,6962017Revenue 2018: $145,408Expenses 2018: $126,728Net Income 2018: $18,6802018Revenue 2019: $144,433Expenses 2019: $124,753Net Income 2019: $19,6802019Revenue 2020: $87,078Expenses 2020: $85,983Net Income 2020: $1,0952020Revenue 2021: $78,936Expenses 2021: $65,217Net Income 2021: $13,7192021Revenue 2022: $90,811Expenses 2022: $100,304Net Income 2022: -$9,4932022Revenue 2023: $119,892Expenses 2023: $114,907Net Income 2023: $4,9852023Revenue 2024: $116,264Expenses 2024: $116,947Net Income 2024: -$6832024

Highlighted filing

2024

Revenue$116,264
Expenses$116,947
Net Income-$683

Filings

Balance SheetOperations
YearAssetsLiabilitiesNet AssetsRevenueExpensesNet Income
2024Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.05$2.05$1.16$1.17$0.01
2023Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.05$2.05$1.20$1.15$0.05
2022Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.00$2.00$0.91$1.00$0.09
2021Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$2.10$2.10$0.79$0.65$0.14
2020Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$1.96$1.96$0.87$0.86$0.01
2019Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$1.95$1.95$1.44$1.25$0.20
2018Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$1.75$1.75$1.45$1.27$0.19
2017Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$1.61$0.00$1.61$1.37$1.23$0.14
2016Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$1.47$0.00$1.47$1.94$1.46$0.48
2015Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$0.99$0.00$0.99$1.90$1.48$0.42
2014Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$0.57$0.00$0.57$1.81$1.32$0.49
2013Detailed filing. Detailed filing data is available for this year.$0.08$0.00$0.08$1.81$1.84$0.03
2012Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$0.10$0.00$0.10$2.56$2.56$0.00
2011Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$0.10$0.00$0.10$2.60$2.54$0.06
2010Summary only. Only limited summary data is available for this year.$0.04$0.00$1.70$1.75$0.05
Latest Filing Detail
Jump To
Filing Snapshot
Filing Period
Jan 1, 2024 to Dec 31, 2024
Signed
Oct 1, 2025
Return Version
2024v5.2
Gross Receipts
$116,264
Mission and Program Overview

Mission

Operate youth sports programs.

Program Services

DescriptionGrantsExpenses
OPERATE A BASEBALL PROGRAM FOR YOUTHS AGED FIVE THROUGH EIGHTEEN IN THE BULLARD REGION OF FRESNO, CA.--
Compensation and Service Providers

Employees

NameTitleFull / Part TimeBaseOtherTotal
DOUG A SAMPSONDirector-$0--
MICHAEL THOMASONDirector-$0--
JOSH RAYDirector-$0--
STEVE DIASDirector-$0--
BRIAN CHIARITODirector-$0--
TOM CRANEDirector-$0--
SCOTT ROBINSONDirector-$0--
JUSTIN BEDWELLDirector-$0--
TOM NAVARRODirector-$0--
STEPHEN DAVISPresident-$0--
Filing and Contact Details

Filer

Filer Name
Bullard Cal Ripken Baseball
EIN
56-2426631
Phone
5593895700
Address
4720 N BLYTHE AVE, FRESNO, CA 93722

Signing Officer

Name
Stephen Davis
Title
President
Signed
2025-10-01
Discuss with paid preparer
Yes

Preparer

Firm
Wilcox Hokokian Bains & Dill LLP
Address
575 E Locust Ave Ste 101, Fresno, CA 93720
Preparer
Keith L Wilcox CPA
Phone
5592275487
Supplemental Narrative

Additional Explanations

Other Expenses.1012

Insurance $6132

Other Expenses.1

UNIFORMS $50478

Other Expenses.2

FIELD MAINTENANCE $27004

Other Expenses.3

Equip rental/maint $14441

Other Expenses.4

TEAM PICTURES $5753

Other Expenses.5

ALL STAR TEAMS $3742

Other Expenses.6

AWARDS $2770

Other Expenses.7

CONTRACT SERVICES $1599

Other Expenses.8

Business registration fees $1370

Other Expenses.9

Portable toilet rentals $1206

Other Expenses.10

Facilities/equip other $1075

Other Expenses.11

UMPIRES $750

Other Expenses.12

OTHER GAME COSTS $500

Other Expenses.13

SI TRANSACTION FEES $127

Statement Note 1

In support of the california wildfire victims and in alignment with the irs, it was announced the filing deadline for all charities have until october 15, 2025

Raw XML Appendix174 raw XML fields

This appendix keeps the raw XML leaves available for debugging and edge-case review. The human report above is the primary experience.

Path#Value
IRS990EZ/ActivitiesNotPreviouslyRptInd0false
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/PersonNm0DOUG A SAMPSON
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/PhoneNum05593895700
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/USAddress/AddressLine1Txt0265 E RIVER PARK CIRCLE
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/USAddress/CityNm0FRESNO
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCd0CA
IRS990EZ/BooksInCareOfDetail/USAddress/ZIPCd093720
IRS990EZ/CashSavingsAndInvestmentsGrp/BOYAmt0205450
IRS990EZ/CashSavingsAndInvestmentsGrp/EOYAmt0204767
IRS990EZ/ChgMadeToOrgnzngDocNotRptInd0false
IRS990EZ/CostOfGoodsSoldAmt00
IRS990EZ/CostOrOtherBasisExpenseSaleAmt00
IRS990EZ/DonorAdvisedFndsInd0false
IRS990EZ/EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd0false
IRS990EZ/ExcessOrDeficitForYearAmt0-683
IRS990EZ/FiledScheduleAInd0true
IRS990EZ/ForeignFinancialAccountInd0false
IRS990EZ/ForeignOfficeInd0false
IRS990EZ/Form1120PolFiledInd0false
IRS990EZ/Form990TotalAssetsGrp/BOYAmt0205450
IRS990EZ/Form990TotalAssetsGrp/EOYAmt0204767
IRS990EZ/FundraisingGrossIncomeAmt00
IRS990EZ/GrossReceiptsAmt0116264
IRS990EZ/InfoInScheduleOPartIInd0X
IRS990EZ/LobbyingActivitiesInd0false
IRS990EZ/MadeLoansToFromOfficersInd0false
IRS990EZ/MethodOfAccountingCashInd0X
IRS990EZ/NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt0205450
IRS990EZ/NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt0204767
IRS990EZ/NetAssetsOrFundBalancesGrp/BOYAmt0205450
IRS990EZ/NetAssetsOrFundBalancesGrp/EOYAmt0204767
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt02.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt12.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt22.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt32.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt42.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt52.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt62.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt72.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt82.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/AverageHrsPerWkDevotedToPosRt92.00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt00
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt10
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt20
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt30
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt40
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt50
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt60
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt70
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt80
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/CompensationAmt90
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm0DOUG A SAMPSON
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm1MICHAEL THOMASON
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm2JOSH RAY
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm3STEVE DIAS
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm4BRIAN CHIARITO
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm5TOM CRANE
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm6SCOTT ROBINSON
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm7JUSTIN BEDWELL
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm8TOM NAVARRO
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/PersonNm9STEPHEN DAVIS
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt0Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt1Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt2Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt3Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt4Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt5Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt6Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt7Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt8Director
IRS990EZ/OfficerDirectorTrusteeEmplGrp/TitleTxt9President
IRS990EZ/OperateHospitalInd0false
IRS990EZ/Organization501c3Ind0X
IRS990EZ/OrganizationDissolvedEtcInd0false
IRS990EZ/OrganizationHadUBIInd0false
IRS990EZ/OtherExpensesTotalAmt0116947
IRS990EZ/PartVIHghstPdCntrctProfSrvcTxt0NONE
IRS990EZ/PartVIOfCompOfHghstPdEmplTxt0NONE
IRS990EZ/PoliticalCampaignActyInd0false
IRS990EZ/PrimaryExemptPurposeTxt0OPERATE YOUTH SPORTS PROGRAMS.
IRS990EZ/ProgramServiceRevenueAmt0116264
IRS990EZ/ProgramSrvcAccomplishmentGrp/DescriptionProgramSrvcAccomTxt0OPERATE A BASEBALL PROGRAM FOR YOUTHS AGED FIVE THROUGH EIGHTEEN IN THE BULLARD REGION OF FRESNO, CA.
IRS990EZ/ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd0false
IRS990EZ/RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd0false
IRS990EZ/ScheduleBNotRequiredInd0X
IRS990EZ/SchoolOperatingInd0false
IRS990EZ/SpecialEventsDirectExpensesAmt00
IRS990EZ/StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd0CA
IRS990EZ/SubjectToProxyTaxInd0false
IRS990EZ/TanningServicesProvidedInd0false
IRS990EZ/TaxImposedOnOrganizationMgrAmt00
IRS990EZ/TaxImposedUnderIRC4911Amt00
IRS990EZ/TaxImposedUnderIRC4912Amt00
IRS990EZ/TaxImposedUnderIRC4955Amt00
IRS990EZ/TaxReimbursedByOrganizationAmt00
IRS990EZ/TotalExpensesAmt0116947
IRS990EZ/TotalRevenueAmt0116264
IRS990EZ/TransactionWithControlEntInd0false
IRS990EZ/TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd0false
IRS990EZ/TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd0X
IRS990EZ/WebsiteAddressTxt0WWW.BULLARDCALRIPKEN.ORG
IRS990ScheduleA/AmountsRcvdDsqlfyPersonGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/First5Years509Ind0X
IRS990ScheduleA/GiftsGrantsContrisRcvd509Grp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GovtFurnSrvcFcltsVl509Grp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossInvestmentIncome509Grp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/GrossReceiptsNonUnrltBusGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/InvestmentIncomeCYPct00.00000
IRS990ScheduleA/NetIncomeFromOtherUBIGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/OtherIncome509Grp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/Post1975UBTIGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/PubliclySupportedOrg509a2Ind0X
IRS990ScheduleA/PublicSupportCY509Pct00.00000
IRS990ScheduleA/PublicSupportTotal509Amt00
IRS990ScheduleA/SubstantialContributorsAmtGrp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleA/TaxRevLeviedOrgnztnlBnft509Grp/TotalAmt00
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt0Insurance $6132
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt1UNIFORMS $50478
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt2FIELD MAINTENANCE $27004
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt3EQUIP RENTAL/MAINT $14441
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt4TEAM PICTURES $5753
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt5ALL STAR TEAMS $3742
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt6AWARDS $2770
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt7CONTRACT SERVICES $1599
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt8BUSINESS REGISTRATION FEES $1370
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt9PORTABLE TOILET RENTALS $1206
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt10FACILITIES/EQUIP OTHER $1075
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt11UMPIRES $750
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt12OTHER GAME COSTS $500
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt13SI TRANSACTION FEES $127
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/ExplanationTxt14IN SUPPORT OF THE CALIFORNIA WILDFIRE VICTIMS AND IN ALIGNMENT WITH THE IRS, IT WAS ANNOUNCED THE FILING DEADLINE FOR ALL CHARITIES HAVE UNTIL OCTOBER 15, 2025
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc0Other Expenses.1012
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc1Other Expenses.1
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc2Other Expenses.2
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc3Other Expenses.3
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc4Other Expenses.4
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc5Other Expenses.5
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc6Other Expenses.6
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc7Other Expenses.7
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc8Other Expenses.8
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc9Other Expenses.9
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc10Other Expenses.10
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc11Other Expenses.11
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc12Other Expenses.12
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc13Other Expenses.13
IRS990ScheduleO/SupplementalInformationDetail/FormAndLineReferenceDesc14Statement Note 1
ReturnHeader/BuildTS02025-03-06 01:10:19Z
ReturnHeader/BusinessOfficerGrp/DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd0true
ReturnHeader/BusinessOfficerGrp/PersonNm0STEPHEN DAVIS
ReturnHeader/BusinessOfficerGrp/PersonTitleTxt0President
ReturnHeader/BusinessOfficerGrp/SignatureDt02025-10-01
ReturnHeader/Filer/BusinessName/BusinessNameLine1Txt0BULLARD CAL RIPKEN BASEBALL
ReturnHeader/Filer/BusinessNameControlTxt0BULL
ReturnHeader/Filer/EIN0562426631
ReturnHeader/Filer/PhoneNum05593895700
ReturnHeader/Filer/USAddress/AddressLine1Txt04720 N BLYTHE AVE
ReturnHeader/Filer/USAddress/CityNm0FRESNO
ReturnHeader/Filer/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCd0CA
ReturnHeader/Filer/USAddress/ZIPCd093722
ReturnHeader/IRSResponsiblePrtyInfoCurrInd0true
ReturnHeader/PreparerFirmGrp/PreparerFirmEIN0203997371
ReturnHeader/PreparerFirmGrp/PreparerFirmName/BusinessNameLine1Txt0Wilcox Hokokian Bains & Dill LLP
ReturnHeader/PreparerFirmGrp/PreparerUSAddress/AddressLine1Txt0575 E Locust Ave Ste 101
ReturnHeader/PreparerFirmGrp/PreparerUSAddress/CityNm0Fresno
ReturnHeader/PreparerFirmGrp/PreparerUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCd0CA
ReturnHeader/PreparerFirmGrp/PreparerUSAddress/ZIPCd093720
ReturnHeader/PreparerPersonGrp/PhoneNum05592275487
ReturnHeader/PreparerPersonGrp/PreparerPersonNm0Keith L Wilcox CPA
ReturnHeader/ReturnTs02025-10-01T15:43:13-07:00
ReturnHeader/ReturnTypeCd0990EZ
ReturnHeader/TaxPeriodBeginDt02024-01-01
ReturnHeader/TaxPeriodEndDt02024-12-31
ReturnHeader/TaxYr02024

Document Assets

No mirrored PDF or thumbnail assets are attached yet.