Civic Intelligence

Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams

EIN 38-3943584 • 501(c)3 • Cary, NC

Profile

FIRST aspires to bring together incident response and security teams from every country across the world to ensure a safe internet for all. Effective response is a global task, mirroring the global nature of the internet. Based on a peer to peer network governance model, computer security incident response teams (CSIRTS), product security incident response teams (PSIRTS) and independent security researchers work together to limit the damage of security incidents. This requires a high level of trust; the fuel our members run on. FIRST fosters trust building among member through a variety of activities. Incidents are not confined to one cultural or political corner of the internet, nor do they respect borders or boundaries. FIRST thus promotes inclusiveness, inviting membership from all geographic and cultural regions.

Refreshing map…

2500 Regency ParkwayCary, NC 27518

www.first.org

Siviq Scores

Precomputed percentiles relative to similar nonprofits. These scores are descriptive rather than judgmental.

Liabilities / Assets

55th percentile

0.29x

Higher debt load relative to assets than 55% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE B • $5M-$10M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Liabilities / Revenue

50th percentile

0.20x

Higher debt load relative to revenue than 50% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE B • $5M-$10M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Net Margin

75th percentile

19%

Higher net margin than 75% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE B • $5M-$10M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Top Officer Pay

80th percentile

$237,915

Higher top officer pay than 80% of similar nonprofits.

Top officer pay equals 4.1% of source-year revenue.

NTEE B • $5M-$10M nonprofits • Source year 2024

Asset Growth

89th percentile

62%

Faster asset growth than 89% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE B • $5M-$10M nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Revenue Growth

88th percentile

77%

Faster revenue growth than 88% of similar nonprofits.

NTEE B • $5M-$10M nonprofits • Annualized from 2023 to 2024

Assets

Up

$4,032,449

Up $1,539,468 (+62%) from 2023

Liabilities

Up

$1,173,369

Up $373,859 (+47%) from 2023

Net Assets

Up

$2,859,080

Up $1,165,609 (+69%) from 2023

Revenue

Up

$5,738,015

Up $2,492,738 (+77%) from 2023

Expenses

Up

$4,619,340

Up $885,424 (+24%) from 2023

Net Income

Up

$1,118,675

Up $1,607,314 (+329%) from 2023

Trend Graphs

Balance Sheet Trend

Grouped bars show assets, liabilities, and net assets across loaded filings.

$6.0M$4.0M$2.0M$0Assets 2014: $2,626,609Liabilities 2014: $924,200Net Assets 2014: $1,702,4092014Assets 2015: $2,928,251Liabilities 2015: $841,956Net Assets 2015: $2,086,2952015Assets 2016: $2,772,202Liabilities 2016: $969,883Net Assets 2016: $1,802,3192016Assets 2017: $3,098,516Liabilities 2017: $1,100,575Net Assets 2017: $1,997,9412017Assets 2018: $3,530,226Liabilities 2018: $1,253,883Net Assets 2018: $2,276,3432018Assets 2019: $4,080,976Liabilities 2019: $1,531,724Net Assets 2019: $2,549,2522019Assets 2020: $3,839,879Liabilities 2020: $1,519,530Net Assets 2020: $2,320,3492020Assets 2021: $3,169,610Liabilities 2021: $645,686Net Assets 2021: $2,523,9242021Assets 2022: $2,687,969Liabilities 2022: $516,444Net Assets 2022: $2,171,5252022Assets 2023: $2,492,981Liabilities 2023: $799,510Net Assets 2023: $1,693,4712023Assets 2024: $4,032,449Liabilities 2024: $1,173,369Net Assets 2024: $2,859,0802024

Highlighted filing

2024

Assets$4,032,449
Liabilities$1,173,369
Net Assets$2,859,080

Operations Trend

Revenue, expenses, and net income by year, with the latest filing highlighted.

$6.0M$4.0M$2.0M$0-$2.0MRevenue 2014: $300Expenses 2014: $107Net Income 2014: $1932014Revenue 2015: $2,411,130Expenses 2015: $2,027,244Net Income 2015: $383,8862015Revenue 2016: $2,016,964Expenses 2016: $2,300,940Net Income 2016: -$283,9762016Revenue 2017: $2,465,890Expenses 2017: $2,252,117Net Income 2017: $213,7732017Revenue 2018: $2,400,934Expenses 2018: $2,122,532Net Income 2018: $278,4022018Revenue 2019: $3,096,814Expenses 2019: $2,823,905Net Income 2019: $272,9092019Revenue 2020: $1,267,856Expenses 2020: $1,496,759Net Income 2020: -$228,9032020Revenue 2021: $1,593,794Expenses 2021: $1,369,831Net Income 2021: $223,9632021Revenue 2022: $3,192,168Expenses 2022: $3,539,557Net Income 2022: -$347,3892022Revenue 2023: $3,245,277Expenses 2023: $3,733,916Net Income 2023: -$488,6392023Revenue 2024: $5,738,015Expenses 2024: $4,619,340Net Income 2024: $1,118,6752024

Highlighted filing

2024

Revenue$5,738,015
Expenses$4,619,340
Net Income$1,118,675

Filings

Latest Filing Detail
Jump To
Filing Snapshot
Filing Period
Jan 1, 2024 to Dec 31, 2024
Signed
Jul 24, 2025
Return Version
2024v5.2
Gross Receipts
$5,738,015
Mission and Program Overview

Mission

To support its members in computer incident response and security and to educate both its members and the wider community regarding computer incident response through the staging of meetings, symposia, and colloquia.

FIRST aspires to bring together incident response and security teams from every country across the world to ensure a safe internet for all.

Balance Sheet Detail
LineBeginningEndChange
Assets
Savings and Temporary Cash Investments$0$1,524,170▲ $1,524,170
Investments in Publicly Traded Securities$515,064$1,139,243▲ $624,179
Cash and Non-Interest-Bearing Accounts$1,001,461$681,523▼ $319,938
Prepaid Expenses and Deferred Charges$864,843$235,095▼ $629,748
Accounts Receivable$111,613$95,968▼ $15,645
Land, Buildings, and Equipment, Net$0$0→ $0
Total Assets$2,492,981$4,032,449▲ $1,539,468
Other Assets Total$0$356,450▲ $356,450
Liabilities
Deferred Revenue$692,910$1,011,361▲ $318,451
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses$106,600$162,008▲ $55,408
Total Liabilities$799,510$1,173,369▲ $373,859
Net Assets / Fund Balance
Net Assets Without Donor Restrictions$1,536,838$2,712,447▲ $1,175,609
Net Assets With Donor Restrictions$156,633$146,633▼ $10,000
Total Net Assets Fund Balance$1,693,471$2,859,080▲ $1,165,609
Total Liabilities and Net Assets / Fund Balance$2,492,981$4,032,449▲ $1,539,468

Asset Categories

AssetBook ValueDepreciationBasis
Other Land Buildings$0$2,151$2,151
Other Assets Org$356,450--
Compensation and Service Providers

Employees

NameTitleFull / Part TimeBaseOtherTotal
Chris GibsonExecutive DirectorFT$195,399$42,516$237,915
David SchwartsburgDirector - IT and SecurityFT$158,931$20,565$179,496
Klee Christopher AikenDirector - Community & Capacity BldgFT$124,166$1,257$125,423

Board Members and Trustees

Highest Paid Contractors

ContractorServicesLocationCompensation
Velocity GlobalSalaries and Staffing3858 Walnut Street Suite 101, Denver, CO 80205, Br$671,564
Conference & Publication ServiceEvent Management2525 N Sheffield Avenue 2E, Chicago, IL 60614$492,174
Capile Technodesign EPPTech Services45980 Center Oak Plaza, Sterling, VA 20166$208,621
VercaraSecurity Services1966 Greenspring Drive Suite 300, Timonium, MD 21093$168,302
CliftonLarsonAllen LLPAccounting Services-$124,938
Revenue and Support

Revenue Composition

Contributions and Grants
$2,274,475
Program Service Revenue
$3,435,694
Investment Income
$24,170
Other Revenue
$3,676
All Other Contributions
$217,601
Change in Net Assets
$1,118,675

Audited Revenue Reconciliation

Revenue per Audited Statements
$5,738,015
Revenue Not Reported on Financial Statements
$0
Revenue Not Reported on Form 990
$46,934
Total Revenue per Audited Statements
$5,784,949
Total Revenue per Form 990
$5,738,015
Expenses and Functional Allocation

Major Expense Lines

Line ItemAmount
Other Expenses$3,752,494
Salaries, Compensation, and Employee Benefits$866,846
Grants and Similar Amounts Paid$0
Professional Fundraising Fees$0
Total Fundraising Expense$0

Functional Expense Allocation

Line ItemProgramManagementFundraisingTotal
Conferences and Meetings$1,362,948--$1,362,948
Other Salaries and Wages$426,218$123,220-$549,438
Travel$401,271$104,459-$505,730
Information Technology$299,734$167,980-$467,714
Office Expenses$243,268$52,034-$295,302
Current Officers, Directors, Trustees, and Key Employees$184,559$53,356-$237,915
Fees for Services Other$167,820$484-$168,304
Fees for Services Accounting-$137,482-$137,482
Advertising$113,755--$113,755
Fees for Services Legal$33,893$59,287-$93,180
Other Expenses$65,157$40,500-$65,157
Other Employee Benefits$46,957$13,575-$60,532
Payroll Taxes$8,983$2,597-$11,580
Insurance-$10,909-$10,909
Pension Plan Contributions$5,726$1,655-$7,381
Total Functional Expenses$3,851,802$767,538$0$4,619,340

Audited Expense Reconciliation

Line ItemAmount
Expenses per Audited Statements$4,619,340
Total Expenses per Audited Statements$4,619,340
Total Expenses per Form 990$4,619,340
Expenses Not Reported on Financial Statements$0
Expenses Not Reported on Form 990$0
International Activity

International Summary

Offices
0
Employees
5
Spending
$2,506,027

International Compliance

Activity in boycott countries
Yes
Foreign corporation ownership
No
Foreign partnership interest
No
Interest in foreign trust
No
Passive foreign investment company interest
No
Transfers to foreign corporations
No

International Activities

RegionActivityServicesOfficesEmployeesSpending
East Asia and the PacificProgram ServicesConferences02$1,745,384
Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland)Program ServicesConferences01$259,357
Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland)Staffing-02$237,915
East Asia and the PacificStaffing---$136,914
Sub-Saharan AfricaStaffing---$126,457
East Asia and the PacificMembership Dues----
Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland)Membership Dues----
Middle East and North AfricaMembership Dues----
North AmericaMembership Dues----
Russia and Neighboring StatesMembership Dues----
South AmericaMembership Dues----
South AsiaMembership Dues----
Sub-Saharan AfricaMembership Dues----
Fundraising, Events, and Gaming
Fundraising activities
No
Gaming activities
No
Professional fundraiser used
No

Fundraising and Gaming Totals

Line ItemAmount
Professional Fundraising Fees$0
Political and Lobbying Activity
Political campaign activity
No
Lobbying activity
No
Subject to proxy tax
No
Governance and Compliance

Governance Checklist

Compiled or reviewed by an accountant
No
Annual disclosure for covered persons
Yes
Audit committee
Yes
Backup withholding compliance
Yes
Business relationship with 35% controlled entity
No
Business relationship with family members
No
Business relationship with organization members
No
Material changes to governing documents
Yes
Compensation from other sources disclosed
No
CEO compensation reviewed
Yes
Other officer compensation reviewed
No
Conflict-of-interest policy
Yes
Audited financial statements prepared
No
Key decisions subject to board approval
Yes
Management duties delegated
No

Governance Explanations

Form 990, Part VI, Section A, line 4

The bylaws were changed to enable a new member type - that of Associate. The Associate membership is a non-voting membership, for non-operational organizations, and is given limited access to to member tools.

Form 990, Part VI, Section A, line 6

Full members are security incident response teams who assist a defined constituency in preventing and handling security-related incidents; liaison members: Individuals that have a legitimate interest in and value to FIRST.

Form 990, Part VI, Section A, line 7A

The members of the Forum of Incident Responses and Security Teams, Inc. annually hold an election where members of the Board of Directors are elected to the Board. Members vote for any changes to the bylaws or other governing documents of the Organization.

Form 990, Part VI, Section A, line 7B

Board of Directors meetings as well as the annual all group meeting are documented in meeting minutes by the Secretariat of the Organization.

Form 990, Part VI, Section A, line 8B

The organization does not have designated committees. The Board acts on behalf of the Organization.

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 11B

The tax return is reviewed by the CFO and presented to the Board of Directors for review.

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 12C

Each director, officer, and member of a committee with board-delegated powers shall annually sign a statement which affirms that they: A. Have received a copy of the conflicts of interest policy, B. Have read and understands the policy, and C. Have agreed to comply with the policy. If a conflicts arises the Board member will abstain from voting. Outside counsel attends the orientation Board meeting for new members to review the policuy and collect signed agreements.

Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 15A

The former Chair and previous CFO reviewed online data regarding salaries of other Executive Director's as well as average payment for leaders in the field of cyber security. The Full Board was involved in the input. The discussions regarding the deliberation and decisions were published to all members.

Form 990, Part VI, Section C, line 19

The Organization makes the governing documents, conflicts of interest policy, and financial statements available on its website.

Form 990, Part V, Lines 2A/B, Part VII, Part IX Comp & Benefits Reporting:

FIRST contracts with Velocity Global as its professional employer organization (PEO). Velocity Global is the employer of record for tax, benefits, and insurance purposes for FIRST's employees.

Filing and Contact Details

Filer

Filer Name
Forum of Incident Response and Security
EIN
38-3943584
Phone
9196546805
Address
2500 Regency Parkway, Cary, NC 27518
Doing Business As
First

Signing Officer

Name
Chris Gibson
Title
Executive Director
Phone
9196546805
Signed
2025-07-24
Discuss with paid preparer
Yes

Organization Details

Principal Officer
Chris Gibson
Formed
2014
Legal Domicile
Nc
Voting Board Members
10
Independent Board Members
10
Employees
1
Volunteers
65

Preparer

Firm
Rogers & Company PLLC
Address
8300 Boone Boulevard Suite 600, Vienna, VA 22182
Preparer
Amanda E Waterhouse
Phone
7038930300
Supplemental Narrative

Additional Explanations

Form 990, Part I, Line 5 and Part V, Line 2A

The number listed on Form 990 includes one US employee issued a Form W-2. In addition, the organization has five employees located overseas, for a total of six employees.

Form 990, Part XI, line 9:

Foreign currency exchange loss -1,297.

Financial Statement Notes

Part X, Line 2:

Management has evaluated FIRST's tax positions and concluded that FIRST's financial statements do not include any uncertain tax positions.

Part XI, Line 2D - Other Adjustments:

Foreign currency exchange loss -1,297.

Raw XML AppendixShowing 400 of 657 raw XML fields

This appendix keeps the raw XML leaves available for debugging and edge-case review. The human report above is the primary experience.

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IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm9Carlos Alvarez
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm10Chris Gibson
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm11David Schwartsburg
IRS990/Form990PartVIISectionAGrp/PersonNm12Klee Christopher Aiken
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IRS990/MissionDesc0FIRST aspires to bring together incident response and security teams from every country across the world to ensure a safe internet for all. Effective response is a global task, mirroring the global nature of the internet. Based on a peer to peer network governance model, computer security incident response teams (CSIRTS), product security incident response teams (PSIRTS) and independent security researchers work together to limit the damage of security incidents. This requires a high level of trust; the fuel our members run on. FIRST fosters trust building among member through a variety of activities. Incidents are not confined to one cultural or political corner of the internet, nor do they respect borders or boundaries. FIRST thus promotes inclusiveness, inviting membership from all geographic and cultural regions.
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IRS990/ProgSrvcAccomActy2Grp/Desc0Besides the annual conference, FIRST and its members organize in-person events around the globe which typically have a regional or topical focus. These events cater to a more specialized or local audience. Community driven, these events help participants to force valuable connections which are invaluable during a security incident. Participants discuss security-related technical topics, tools as well as best practice. Many of the events co-host training courses in the area of incident response. In 2024, there were 8 in-person regional events, some with virtual participation.
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IRS990/ProgSrvcAccomActy3Grp/Desc0FIRST provides several online services supporting members in handling security incidents more efficiently. This includes a website containing verified contact information, best practices, and much more information. Operational information is made available through electronic interfaces to be incorporated directly into members' tools. FIRST has over 746 member teams located in 111 countries. Member teams include large vendors, national certs, telcos, research institutes, and many more. FIRST Hosts International Standards like the common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS).
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